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医学英语词汇学（山东联盟）
- The term meaning “pertaining to secretion” is _______
- The term for scanty or less than normal urine formation is___.
- You have taken your friend to the emergency room with severe lower back pain and blood in his urine. After examination and lab tests, the physician reports that your friend has an inflammation of his kidneys and makes a diagnosis of____
- A teenager, who is so jealous and envious of his brother that he hates him and even wants to kill him, is suffering from Cain complex.
- Sarcoid means ____.
fibrous adhesion
_____ is a hormone secreted by the thymus that can stimulate the immunological activity of lymphoid tissue.
- Frequently after surgery involving general anesthetic, a patient may not void urine for a period of time, because the kidneys have stopped producing urine. This usually temporary condition is termed__.
valve
- Pneumonia refers to __________.
- An excess of calcium in the blood is called_____.
- Your mother is having her uterus surgically removed along with her ovaries. Removal of ovaries is called____
- The word part “capn/o” denotes______.
- The item pertaining to or supplying both muscles and skin is called as ______.
The term “phagocytosis” means_______
- An eponymous disease refers to a disease named after a patient who suffers from the disease.
vein
- Abnormal fear or dread of being at a great height is called ______
- The combining form meaning the skin is ___.
- A gastroenterologist is a physician specializing in diseases of the digestive system including the following body parts EXCEPT __________. These specialists do not do surgery. Patients needing surgery are referred to a general surgeon.
- “Pertaining to nourishment or development” is expressed in _______.
- The term for painful, aching muscles is ___.
- The word part “thym/o” denotes______.
- Somtehing that situated or occurring inside a cell or cells is called____
- The suffix “-iasis” in the word nephrolithiasis means _______
- The part of the upper limb of the body between the elbow and the wrist is termed _____
- To move an organ, piece of skin etc from one person’s body and put it into another as a form of medical treatment is called_____
- Hematopoiesis refers to the formation of blood cells in the living body (especially in the bone marrow).____
- Endocrine glands secrete amino acids.
A 18-year-old man has an exaggerated sense of self-importance and always believes that he is better than others. This man may be diagnosed with having a(n) _____________.
_____is an instrument for measuring the vital capacity of the lungs.
The movement of a microorganism or cell in response to a chemical stimulus is termed _____.
基底神经节
A bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes is termed_______, which is a sign that oxygen in the blood is dangerously diminished (as in carbon monoxide poisoning).
- The membranous sac enclosing the heart is called _____
- The structures of the digestive system are the mouth, ____, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines, rectum and anus.
- A ______ is a small animal or plant that lives on or inside a larger animal or plant, and gets its food from it.
- Food is broken down both physically and chemically in the process called____.
- Paralysis of all four limbs is called______
- _____ is a science which involves developing and making extremely small but very powerful machines.
- The brain has three main parts: the cerebrum, _______, and the cerebellum.
The stem “chondro- ”in the word chondritis means________ .
Gastrojejunostomy describes a procedure that____
- Lobectomy refers to________.
glaucoma
- The term “lithiasis” means ________
- Phagocytosis is the process by which a cell, such as a white blood cell, ingests microorganisms, other cells, and foreign particles._____
- The surgical formation of a temporary or permanent opening into the trachea following tracheotomy is termed______.
- The thin transparent serous membrane enveloping the lungs and lining the walls of the thoracic cavity is termed the______.
脑皮层运动区
- The word part “-rrhea” denotes______.
glucose
- The word part “spiro” denotes______.
The heel cord, i.e. the largest and strongest tendon in the human body, is called _________.
- There are three types of large arteries, elastic arteries and small arteries.
- Because of the great progress in science and technology, many new vocabularies were needed to denote new findings, discoveries, concepts and substances, and some medical terms were first coined in German and then introduced into English.
- production
小脑下静脉
- The endocrine system provides slower but longer-lasting control by hormones.
- The pulmonary circulation is _________.
- A patient has become sterile due to chronic inflammation of her uterine tubes from frequent infection with sexually transmitted diseases. This tubal inflammation is called____
顶叶
- Pneumothorax is _______.
gastroenteritis is an inflammation on _______(parts of the body).
- Endocrine glands are located in widely separated parts of the body.
- Monocytes are ________.
- Which medical term means slow digestion? _______
- The work of breathing is done by the ____, intercostal muscles, muscles in the neck and the abdominal muscles.
- Surgical fixation or return and attachment of a kidney dislodged during an auto accident would be termed_____.
The term for scanty or less than normal urine formation is___
- 脊柱
- A patient has had a diagnosis of colon cancer and will need surgical removal of the colon. She will end up with a permanent hole in her abdomen for drainage into a bag. The permanent opening is called a___
- Within the skull, the brain is covered by three layer of tissue called the _____.
inflammation
- An eosinophil is a leukocyte readily stained with basic dyes such as eosin._____
thalamus
- Tumors or other abnormalities frequently cause a gland to secrete too much hormone.
- Abnormally rapid breathing is termed______.
- Parkinson’s disease was named after Parkinson, a German psychiatrist.
In the brain, there is a region involved in memory forming, organizing, and storing, which is called the _______ because it has a shape of a seahorse.
- If too little hormone is produced, the condition is called hyposecretion.
- The vital capacity refers to the maximum amount of air that can be breathed in following a maximum exhalation._____
- Which of the following is the term for an abnormally low white blood cell count?
- The medical specialty that deals with diseases of the ear, nose and larynx is called otonasolaryngology. _____
blood vessle
- The pulmonary artery carries oxygenated blood.______
- The heart consists of the right and left ventricles and the right and left atria.
- You have just been diagnosed as having an enlarged liver. The doctor describes it as____
回顾性研究
A special procedure to examine the blood vessels of the lungs by X-ray is called
pineal
The medical apparatus used to invest patella is ______.
A record of electric wave occurring in the brain is called _______.
Which of the following combining forms means “bone”?
- The only vein in the body that carries oxygenated blood is ____.
- Which of the following terms means drainage from the nose? _______.
- The word “influenza” came into being because of an outbreak of the disease in Europe in 1743 from Italian influenza.
- Urethritis is the_____ of the urethra, the final pathway for urine in both sexes.
- The process of recording something is expressed in _______.
- Medical terminology is mainly from three source languages: Anglo-Saxon, Greek, and French.
A:crinologic B:crinogenic C:endocardial D:endocrine
答案:CRINOGENIC
A:nocturia B:anuria C:enuresis D:oliguria
答案:oliguria
A:cystitis B:proctitis C:orchiditis D:nephritis
AI参考:根据题干中的描述，你带你的朋友去了急诊室，他下背部疼痛并且尿液中有血。经过检查和实验室测试，医生报告说你的朋友患有肾炎症，并做出了诊断。根据选项，只有nephritis是描述肾炎症的术语。因此，答案是D：nephritis。'
A:对 B:错
AI参考:答案：B：错。根据题目描述，这个青少年对他哥哥充满嫉妒和羡慕，甚至想要杀死他，这种情况更可能是由于情感问题导致的，而不是犯罪行为，因此选项B是正确的答案。而选项A是不正确的，因为Cain complex指的是《圣经》中的大恶人该隐为了报复他的兄弟亚伯而犯下的罪行，与题目中的情况不符。'
A:like a sesame B:like a flesh C:like a bone D:like a muscle
答案:like a flesh
A:纤维结构 B:纤维组织 C:纤维固定 D:纤维性粘连
答案:纤维性粘连
A:Thymosin B:Somatotropin C:Adrenalin D:Thymine
答案:Thymosin
A:anuria B:enuresis C:polyuria D:oliguria
A:adren/o B:hepat/o C:ren/o D:valvul/o
AI参考:正确选项为 D:valvul/o。在问题中，提到了一个单词“valve”，需要将其转换为对应的单词形式。根据常识和常见的英语拼写规则，“valve”的名词形式应为“valve”，没有其他的选项。因此，选项D是正确的。选项A、B、C都是拼写错误或者不正确的单词形式，因此不是正确答案。'
A:the inflammation of the lungs B:pain in the lungs C:inflation of the lungs D:disease of the lungs
A:hypercalcemia B:holocalcemia C:exocalecemia D:hypocalcemia
A:hysterectomy B:oophorectomy C:appendectomy D:orchidectomy
A:blood B:air C:carbon dioxide D:hydrogen
A:musculocutaneous B:muscle C:musculotendinous D:muscular
A:a cell that can ingest microorganisms, other cells, and foreign particles B:the death of a phagocyte C:the process by which a cell, such as a white blood cell, ingests microorganisms, other cells, and foreign particles D:the process by which a cell, such as a white blood cell, is produced
A:错 B:对
A:phon/o B:dent/o C:astr/o D:ven/o
A:acrophobia B:bradypnea C:tachypnea D:acrophilia
A:dem/o- B:both B and C C:derm/o- D:dermat/o-
A:stomach B:intestines C:anus D:esophagus
A:–tropy B:-tropic C:-trophic D:–trophy
A:arthralgia B:myalgia C:analgesia D:neuralgia
A:the thymus B:the bladder C:the vagina D:the spleen
A:intercellular B:intracellular C:infercellular D:anticelluar
A:protrusion/swelling B:growth/nourishment C:suspension/fixation D:condition/presence of
A:retrocervical B:dextrocardia C:antebrachium D:antecardium
A:transcript B:transplant C:perform D:transform
A:对 B:错
A:错 B:对
A:Cain complex B:Narcissistic personality disorder C:Oedipus complex D:Electra complex
A:pneumograph B:spirometry C:spirograph D:spirometer
A:chemotherapy B:chemokine C:chemotaxis D:cytokine
A:the basal microglia B:the oligodendrocyte C:the basal ganglia D:the glial cells
A:cyanosis B:erythematosus C:cyanide D:albinism
A:subcardium B:epicardium C:pericardium D:myocardium
A:spleen B:liver C:pharynx D:pancreas
A:paanormal B:parasite C:subtitle D:ultraviolet
AI参考:正确答案是【B:parasite】A是反常的动物或植物，不符合题意；C是副标题的意思，不符合题意；D是紫外线，也不符合题意。只有B是寄生虫的意思，符合题意。因此，答案为B。寄生虫是一种生活在较大动物或植物上，从它们身上获取食物的小动物或植物。因此，答案是B。'
A:absorption B:ingestion C:mastication D:digestion
AI参考:正确选项是 D:digestion根据题干中给出的上下文信息，食物在消化过程中会经历物理和化学的变化。absorption 是吸收，不适用于食物的消化过程；ingestion 是摄入、吃进去的意思，也不适用于食物消化过程；mastication 是咀嚼的意思，也不适用于食物消化过程。而 digestion 是消化、分解的意思，是食物消化过程中最常用的词汇之一，符合题干中描述的过程。因此，正确答案是 D。'
A:semiplegia B:quadriplegia C:triplegia D:pentaplegia
A:nanosecond B:nanotechnology C:nanoparticle D:paucity
AI参考:正确答案是B:nanotechnology。题干中提到了“发展并制造极小但非常强大的机器”，因此应该是在讨论与纳米技术有关的话题。而选项B中的“nanotechnology”恰好是指纳米技术，因此是正确答案。其他选项与题干中的描述不符。'
A:the hypothalamus B:the brain stem C:the thalamus D:the hippocampus
A:rib B:joint C:tendon D:cartilage
A:surgically creates a passageway between the gallbladder duct to the intestine B:surgically removes gallstones through an opening in the abdomen. C:surgically creates an opening between the intestines and the abdominal wall D:surgically creates an artificial opening between the stomach and jejunum
A:cutting into a lobe of any organ or gland in the body B:surgical removal of a lobe from any organ or gland in the body C:surgical repaire of a lobe of any organ or gland in the body D:disease of a lobe of any organ or gland in the body
A:发绀 B:紫癜病 C:青光眼 D:灰发病
A:constriction of tissue B:dissolving C:penetrating a cavity D:abnormal condition of stones
A:对 B:错
AI参考:答案是A，对。根据题干中的描述，吞噬作用是一个细胞（如白细胞）摄取微生物、其他细胞和外来颗粒的过程。因此，选项A“对”是正确的答案。'
A:bronchotomy B:tracheostomy C:lobectomy D:artificial ventilation
A:peritoneum B:pleura C:diaphragm D:septum
A:cerebral motor cortex B:limbic motor cortex C:trabecular motor cortex D:cerebellar motor cortex
A:flowing B:breathing C:pain D:bleeding
A:gluc/o B:gen/o C:lip/o D:muc/o
A:white B:paralysis C:virus D:breathing
A:Patella tendon B:Trapezius tendon C:Deltoid tendon D:Achilles tendon
A:对 B:错
A:错 B:对
A:– poiesis B:-lysis C:–ide D:-ase
A:inferior veins of cerebellum B:Superior veins of cerebrum C:superior veins of cerebellum D:inferior veins of cerebrum
A:对 B:错
AI参考:正确答案是B：错。题干中提到激素通过内分泌系统提供较慢但更持久的控制，但是这种说法可能不够准确，因为激素对机体的影响可能是瞬时的或短期的。因此，答案为B，即“错”。'
A:circulation of blood between the heart and the lungs B:circulation that supplies blood to all the body except to the lungs C:circulation of blood within the lungs D:circulation of blood within the heart
A:salpingitis B:perimetritis C:endometritis D:proctitis
AI参考:正确答案是A: salpingitis。输卵管炎症，称为输卵管炎（salpingitis），这是一种由于性传播疾病引起的慢性炎症。输卵管是女性生殖系统的一部分，主要负责卵子的输送和受精卵的植入。因此，这个选项是正确答案。B选项“腹膜炎”是一种常见的腹膜炎症，但通常是由于其他原因（如创伤或感染）引起的。C选项“子宫内膜炎”是指子宫内膜的炎症，而不是输卵管。D选项“直肠炎”是一种涉及肠道的炎症，与这个病例描述的生殖系统炎症不符。'
A:parietal lobe B:frontal lobe C:occipital lobe D:temporal lobe
A:severe pain in the chest B:bleeding in the chest C:the abnormal presence of air between the lung and the wall of the chest (pleural cavity), resulting in collapse of the lung D:the abnormal presence of fluid in the lungs
A:stomach and liver B:bottom stomach & small intestines C:pylorus and cardia D:entrance of the stomach
A:错 B:对
A:dendritic cells B:B cells C:antigen-Presenting Cells D:macrophages
A:bradypepsia B:dyspepsia C:apepsia D:tachypepsia
A:diaphragm B:mediastinum C:rib cage D:mucus
A:nephropexy B:nephrolithotripsy C:nephrolithotomy D:nephrotomy
A:anuria B:oliguria C:nocturia D:polyuria
A:the spinal pathway B:the spinal cord C:the spinal nerve D:the spinal column
AI参考:正确选项是【D:the spinal column】。在题目中，给出了四个选项，分别是the spinal pathway（脊髓通路）、the spinal cord（脊髓）、the spinal nerve（脊神经）和the spinal column（脊柱）。其中，只有选项D的“the spinal column”与题目中的“脊柱”意思相符，因为脊柱是由多块椎骨组成的，因此选项D是正确的答案。选项A和B与题目中的“脊柱”没有直接关系，选项C中的“脊神经”虽然与“脊柱”有关，但是不是最准确的描述。'
A:colonoscopy B:colectomy C:megacolon D:colostomy
AI参考:正确选项是D：colostomy。根据题干中的描述，患者被诊断为结肠癌，需要进行手术切除结肠，最终在腹部留下一个永久开口进行引流，这个永久开口被称为结肠造口术（colostomy）。选项A、B、C与题干描述不符，因此可以排除。'
A:gray matter B:membrane C:white matter D:meninges
A:-lysis B:-itis C:-ide D:-ase
A:错 B:对
A:pulm/o B:thalam/o C:capn/o D:scoli/o
A:对 B:错
A:dyspnea B:tachypnea C:bradypnea D:apnea
A:对 B:错
A:Hippocampus B:Pituitary gland C:Pineal gland D:Thalamus
A:对 B:错
A:错 B:对
A:leukemia B:leukopenia C:anemia D:leukocytosis
AI参考:正确答案是 B：leukopenia。选项A是白血病，是一种血液系统恶性肿瘤；选项C是贫血，是指血液中红细胞或血红蛋白减少；选项D是白细胞增多，是一种白细胞异常增多的疾病。只有选项B“leukopenia”指的是白细胞计数过低，是一种常见的非特异性感染的早期信号。因此，答案为B。'
A:对 B:错
AI参考:答案：B。题干中明确指出，处理耳朵、鼻子和喉部疾病的医学专业被称为耳鼻喉科学。因此，答案是B，即“错”。'
A:duoden/o B:col/o C:angi/o D:jejun/o
AI参考:正确选项是B:col/o，即血液管。选项A中的单词"duoden/o"并不存在，可能存在拼写错误；选项C的单词"angi/o"并不符合题目要求；选项D的单词"jejun/o"虽然可能看起来有些接近"blood vessel"，但实际上并不是正确的答案。而选项B的单词"col/o"在英文中表示血液管的意思，符合题目要求。因此，正确答案是B:col/o。'
A:错 B:对
AI参考:B:对。肺动脉是负责将含氧量较高的血液输送至全身各部位的主要血管。'
A:对 B:错
AI参考:正确答案是【B:错】。心脏由右心房、右心室、左心房和左心室组成，而不是右心房和左心室。因此，该题描述错误。'
A:gastroenteritis B:hepatomegaly C:megacolon D:macrostomia
A:a retrospective study B:a prospective study C:an introvert study D:an extrovert study
A:pulmonary angiography B:a lung scan C:thoracocentesis D:bronchoscopy
A:glomerul/o B:lingu/o C:pineal/o D:odont/o
AI参考:正确选项是 C: pineal/o。题干中提到了“pineal”，这是一个名词，表示松果体。选项中只有C选项“pineal/o”符合语法规则，并且与题干中的单词拼写相近。其他选项的单词拼写与题干中的单词不符，不符合语法规则。因此，C选项是正确答案。'
A:patellapexy B:patellectomy C:patellometer D:patellar
A:electromyogram B:electroencephogram C:electrocardiogram D:electroencephalogram
A:ren/o- B:myel/o- C:gastr/o- D:oste/o-
A:the coronary vein B:the jugular vein C:the inferior vena cava D:the pulmonary vein
A:rhinorrhaphy B:rhinomycosis C:rhinorrhea D:rhinalgia
A:对 B:错
A:pain B:stone C:scanty D:inflammation
AI参考:正确答案是D:inflammation。\rUrethritis 是尿道炎，是尿道内的炎症，为尿道的最终通道。选项A和B和泌尿系统没有关系，选项C也不是正确的炎症反应症状。因此，只有选项D“炎症”符合尿道炎的特点。所以正确答案为D。'
A:-graphy B:-graph C:-scope D:-gram
A:错 B:对
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