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大学生的经济学思维（双语）
Foreign trade ( ).
- Who is hurt most by inflation? ( )
A rational person does not act unless ( ).
Trade-offs are required because wants are unlimited and resources are ( ).
- Our marginal utility for getting one more diamond is much higher than getting one more bottle of water because ( ).
- Before you go shopping, if you go around doing a lot of comparison, this is called ( ).
- Which is NOT the difference between the rich and the poor? ( )
- Which of the following statements about credit card is NOT TRUE? ( )
- You have spent ￥10,000 building a milk tea stand based on estimates of sales of ￥20,000. The milk tea stand is nearly completed, but now you estimate total sales to be only ￥8,000. You can complete the milk tea stand for another ￥3,000. Should you complete the milk tea stand? (Assume that the milk tea cost you nothing.) ( )
- The importance of compound interest lies in that ( ).
- Recently, Jack has quitted his job to look for better pay. Which kind of unemployment is Jack undergoing? ( )
- The competitive firm maximizes profit when it produces output to the point where ( ).
- Which one of the following provinces does NOT belong to the Belt and Road? ( )
- Saving is important for the economy because ( ).
Which of the following is NOT the disadvantage of big cities? ( )
- Which of the following statements about tariffs is NOT TRUE? ( )
- ( ) is considered the father of macroeconomics.
The balance of trade is the difference between the value of a nation’s exports and the value of its imports. A nation has a negative balance of trade ( ).
- John has just paid off the full balance of his credit card. What happens to the debt? ( )
- The secret of the specialty stores lies in the fact that ( ).
- Economics studies ( ).
- International Trade is a crucial channel for global economic integration, and it is influenced by ( ).
- Which of the following are features of perfect competition? ( )
- How does Starbucks design the menu to persuade users to pay more? ( )
- How to build a creative monopoly? ( )
- According to the mode of transportation, international trade can be classified into ( ).
- Which of the following are the examples of seasonal unemployment in Chongqing? ( )
- The forms of foreign direct investment can be ( ).
- Which of the following will hurt your credit rating? ( )
Which of the following statements about the rich and the poor are TRUE? ( )
- Which of the following are examples of creating scarcity? ( )
- Some specialty stores set higher prices and still find a niche with shoppers. What factors do you think make them successful? ( )
Which of the following involve a trade-off? ( )
- If interest rates on loans or mortgages fall, we might be tempted to take out a loan to buy the new car we've always wanted. ( )
- When the government redistributes income with taxes and welfare, the economy becomes more efficient. ( )
- Quota is superior to tariffs because it can increase more revenue. ( )
- Rich people can have unlimited resources because they have enough money to buy anything. ( )
- Scarcity is the condition that a society does not have enough resources to produce all the things people would like to have. ( )
- Average capital plus interest suits people whose income may decrease as time goes by. ( )
- When government tries to cut the economic pie into more equal slices, the pie becomes smaller. ( )
- When the price of a good rises, the quantity demanded of the good increases. ( )
- If your major is IT related subjects, the best choice is to go to the first-tier cities. ( )
- The third classic cause of inflation is people spending too much money. ( )
- It is information asymmetry that causes the dilemma between two prisoners. ( )
- Companies make huge profits with “luxury” products because some customers are a bit dumb and buy these products. ( )
Unemployment rate is the percentage of the total population that is unemployed but is actively looking for jobs.
- If you save the interest and let the interest work for you, that is called compound interest. ( )
- A monopoly built upon the fastest car will never exist, but a monopoly built upon the first flying car may very well become reality. ( )
- Prices decrease for domestic consumers because of import quota. ( )
- China will benefit economically if we eliminate trade with the U.S. because we will be forced to produce more of our own appliances and textiles. ( )
A:increases the scarcity of resources B:allows a country to have a greater variety of products at a lower cos C:allows a country to avoid trade-offs D:makes the members of a country more equal
答案:allows a country to have a greater variety of products at a lower cost than if it tried to produce everything at home
A:People who buy precious metals such as gold. B:Homeowners with fixed-rate mortgage. C:People who own real estate. D:Homeowners with adjustable-rate mortgage.
AI参考:B:Homeowners with fixed-rate mortgage. 通胀最受伤害的是拥有固定利率房贷的房主。通胀导致货币贬值，从而提高了贷款的利息，这对于固定利率房贷的房主来说是一种负担和压力。而对于购买贵重金属（如黄金）的人、拥有房地产的人以及拥有可调整利率房贷的房主来说，虽然也受到一定程度的影响，但相对于固定利率房贷的房主来说，受到的伤害程度较小。因此，正确答案是B：拥有固定利率房贷的房主。'
A:the action makes money for the person B:the action is ethical C:the action produces marginal benefits that exceed marginal costs D:the action produces marginal costs that exceed marginal benefits
答案:subjective toneAI参考:正确答案是C:the action produces marginal benefits that exceed marginal costs。这是一个关于理性决策的问题。理性的人不会采取行动，除非行动带来的边际收益大于边际成本。其他选项都与这个条件不符。A选项指的是行动能为个人带来经济利益，但不一定大于成本；B选项指的是行动是合乎道德的，这也不是唯一的要求；D选项表示行动的成本大于收益，那么肯定不会采取这个行动。因此，正确答案是C，即只有当行动带来的边际收益大于边际成本时，人才会采取这个行动。'
A:economical B:scarce C:unlimited D:efficient
AI参考:正确选项是B：scarce。原文中提到“资源有限”，因此需要做出取舍，即需要进行权衡。scarce表示“稀缺的”，符合语境。economical表示“节约的”，与原文意思不符。unlimited表示“无限的”，与原文意思相反。efficient表示“有效的”，与原文意思也不符。因此，B选项scarce是正确答案。'
A:diamond is hard to carve B:diamond means eternal C:diamond is more expansive D:diamond is scarce
答案:easingAI参考:正确答案是D:diamond is scarce。钻石比水更稀缺，因此我们对多得到一颗钻石的边际效用会比多得到一瓶水的边际效用高得多。选项A和B与问题无关，选项C虽然正确，但并不是题目中需要解释的原因。因此，正确答案是D。'
A:comparison shopping B:window shopping C:comparison pricing D:comparison decision
AI参考:答案为A：comparison shopping。在购物前进行比较，这种行为被称为“比较购物”，即选项A。B选项“窗口购物”通常指的是在商店里看商品但并不购买的行为，C选项“比较定价”指的是比较不同商店或产品的价格，而D选项“比较决策”指的是在多个选项中进行决策的过程。因此，根据题目的描述，正确答案应该是A。'
A:The rich pay themselves first while the poor pay themselves last. B:The rich sell value and the poor sell time. C:The rich never stop learning. D:The rich are more intelligent.
答案:记得AI参考:【单选题】以下哪个选项不是富人与穷人之间的区别？_____C:The rich never stop learning。富人与穷人之间的主要区别不在于是否停止学习。富人通常会不断学习，提升自己的技能和知识，以保持他们的财富和成功。相反，有些人可能会停止学习，这可能会导致他们陷入贫困。因此，选项C不是富人与穷人之间的主要区别。答案是C:The rich never stop learning。'
A:It deducts money directly from your savings. B:It provides a loan or extend credit. C:It gives you access to a line of credit. D:It allows you to make purchases without paying cash.
答案:They perform rituals and get momentary relief from the anxiety.
A:No. B:Not enough information. C:Yes. D:It depends.
AI参考:正确选项是【C:Yes.】。根据问题描述，你已经花费了预计销售额为￥20,000的￥10,000来建造奶茶摊位，现在预计总销售额只有￥8,000，而且你还需要再花费￥3,000来完成奶茶摊位。在这种情况下，由于奶茶的成本为零，因此完成奶茶摊位可以带来额外的收益，所以应该选择C：Yes.（是的）。B选项“没有足够的信息”是不正确的，因为问题已经提供了足够的信息来回答。而A和D选项“不”和“取决于”都没有给出具体的理由或解释，因此也不是正确的答案。'
A:it is paid both on the original amount of money saved and on the interest that has been added to it B:it automatically saves your money C:it gives twice the interest back D:it offers high interest rate
AI参考:正确答案是A:it is paid both on the original amount of money saved and on the interest that has been added to it。复合利息的重要性在于它不仅对原始储蓄金额进行利息支付，而且对已经添加的利息进行利息支付。B选项自动储蓄金钱不是复合利息的特点；C选项返还双倍利息也不符合复合利息的定义；D选项高利率也不是复合利息的特点。因此，正确答案是A。'
A:Seasonal unemployment B:Cyclical unemployment C:Frictional unemployment D:Structural unemployment
A:marginal revenue equals average revenue B:marginal cost equals marginal revenue C:marginal cost equals total revenue D:price equals average variable cost
AI参考:正确答案是B：边际成本等于边际收入。根据题目所述，一个具有竞争力的公司在生产达到边际收益等于边际成本时能够实现利润最大化。因此，选项B是正确答案。选项A、C、D都不符合题目要求。'
A:Henan B:Xinjiang C:Chongqing D:Shanxi
AI参考:【单选题】下列哪个省份不属于“一带一路”？答案是：D：Shanxi。“一带一路”是中国的重大经济发展战略，涉及多个省份和城市。其中，河南（A）、新疆（B）和重庆（C）都是“一带一路”沿线的重要省份。而山西（D）虽然也是中国的一个省份，但是它并不在“一带一路”的规划范围内。因此，正确答案是D。'
A:it keeps the economy safe by encouraging people to consume B:it keeps the economy safe by preventing inflation C:it lends the government money for infrastructure D:it makes it possible for banks to have more money to give out loans
A:fierce competition B:competitive salary C:high work pressure D:high living cost
A:Protective tariff is one designed to raise the cost of imported goods and thereby protect domestic producers. B:Tariffs are bad for domestic consumers. C:Higher tariffs, better economic status. D:Because of tariffs, the price of a certain good increases. Thus, the demand decreases, resulting in the decrease of the import of that certain good.
AI参考:选项C：更高的关税，更好的经济地位。这个说法是不正确的。关税是为了提高进口商品的成本，从而保护国内生产商。因此，选项A是正确的，关税对国内消费者是有影响的，可能使得他们需要支付更高的价格来购买商品。选项D也是正确的，因为关税会导致商品价格上涨，从而减少需求，进而减少该商品的进口。因此，只有选项C是不正确的，因为它忽视了关税对经济整体的影响，而更多地关注了关税对个别经济指标的影响。'
A:Paul B:Samuelson C:N. Gregory Mankiw D:Ronald Harry Coase E:John Maynard Keynes
AI参考:正确答案是E:John Maynard Keynes。约翰·梅纳德·凯恩斯被认为是宏观经济学的奠基人，因此E选项是正确答案。其他选项中，Paul（保罗）、Samuelson（萨缪尔森）、N. Gregory Mankiw（N.格雷戈里·曼昆）和Ronald Harry Coase（罗纳德·哈里·科斯）都是经济学领域的知名学者，但他们在宏观经济学的贡献上不如凯恩斯。'
A:if the profits it makes is positive B:if the profits it makes is negative C:if the value of its imports is greater than the value of its exports D:if the value of its exports is greater than the value of its imports
AI参考:正确选项是【D:if the value of its exports is greater than the value of its imports】。根据题目中给出的信息：“贸易平衡是一个国家的出口价值和进口价值的差额。一个国家有贸易逆差（...），当该国出口价值大于进口价值时。”因此，正确答案是D，即如果该国的出口价值大于进口价值，则贸易逆差，选项D描述了这个条件。选项A、B、C都与题目中的信息不符。'
A:It remains a debt. B:His credit limit will be increased. C:John will be paid an interest. D:It is added back to his credit limit to be used again.
AI参考:正确答案是D:It is added back to his credit limit to be used again.John已经偿清了信用卡的全部余额，债务会被添加回信用额度中再次使用，所以选项D“它会被添加回信用额度中再次使用”是正确的。其他选项A、B、C都与题意不符。'
A:they show extreme respect to their customers B:they have impressive models C:they set higher prices D:they use customers’ belief in price-quality relationship
AI参考:正确答案是D:they use customers’ belief in price-quality relationship。该特价商店的秘密在于利用顾客对价格与质量关系的信任。因此，选项D“他们利用顾客对价格与质量关系的信任”是正确的答案。选项A、B、C都与特价商店的秘密无关。'
A:how much people work, what they buy, how much they save and how they invest their savings B:how people make decisions C:the forces and trends that affect the economy as a whole D:how people interact with one another
A:Identical products. B:Easy entry and exit. C:Barriers to entry. D:Full information.
AI参考:正确选项是：A:Identical products.完全竞争市场的特征包括：市场上有大量的买者和卖者，产品同质，即不存在任何差异，信息完全透明，进入和退出市场非常容易。因此，选项A中的“同质的产品”是符合完全竞争市场的特征的。选项B、C、D虽然也涉及市场进入和退出、信息透明度等方面，但并不完全符合完全竞争市场的特征。'
A:Leave the price of the Tall and the Grande, but lower the Venti price a little. B:Drop the price of the Grande and the Venti a little. C:Make the distance between the Tall and the Grande much greater than the distance between the Grande and the Venti. D:Decide how much coffer customers would want to drink.
AI参考:正确选项为C:Make the distance between the Tall and the Grande much greater than the distance between the Grande and the Venti.。根据问题描述，星巴克设计菜单的目的是说服用户支付更多，选项C的做法是通过加大Tall和Grande之间的价格差距，使Grande和Venti之间的价格差距相对较小，从而让用户觉得Grande和Venti之间的价格差距不大，进而选择支付更多的费用。其他选项A、B、D都没有直接涉及到价格设计，D选项还涉及到对顾客消费意愿的判断，与问题描述不符。因此，选项C是正确答案。'
A:Dominate the market by producing commodity goods. B:Start from the smallest market you can find. C:Innovation is the key. D:Set a smart distribution strategy.
A:trade by roadway B:trade by mail order C:airborne trade D:seaborne trade
A:A downhill ski instructor unemployed in July. B:An ice cream scooper out of work in December. C:A part-time holiday sales clerk laid off in March. D:An economics professor fired in August.
A:establishing joint ventures with domestic investors through investment of capital or technology B:through the purchase of shares of domestic enterprises, to obtain a certain degree of control C:setting up new enterprises or wholly-owned subsidiaries D:acquisition or merger of domestic enterprises
A:You have been unemployed recently. B:You have once forgot to pay the credit card. C:You like to shop by credit card. D:You already has a mortgage loan.
AI参考:正确选项为B：You have once forgot to pay the credit card.。根据题目中的选项，选项A表示最近失业，这不会直接影响信用评分；选项C表示喜欢使用信用卡购物，虽然会增加消费金额，但通常不会对信用评分产生负面影响；选项D表示已经有了抵押贷款，这也不会对信用评分产生直接影响。然而，选项B表示曾经忘记偿还信用卡，这是违反信用卡还款规定的行为，会直接影响到信用评分。因此，只有选项B会伤害信用评分。'
A:The rich don’t want to make friends with the poor. B:The poor never stop learning C:The rich often delay their pleasure and joy. D:The rich sell value.
A:Limited sale B:A first-class seat on the plane. C:VIP service in online games. D:Disney FASTPASS Service.
A:Price B:Quality C:Function D:Self image
A:Taking a nap. B:Playing PC game. C:Buying a new car. D:Going to college.
AI参考:正确选项是【C:Buying a new car.】在选择C选项时，需要考虑到该选项所描述的行为涉及到一种权衡，即消费者在购买新车时需要考虑到一些财务上的权衡，例如购买新车可能会增加一定的开支，而与此同时也可能获得了一些其他的收益，如出行更加便利等。因此，选择C选项最符合题干中的“trade-off”的含义。其他选项A、B、D并没有涉及到权衡和取舍。A选项描述了一个短暂的休息行为，B选项描述了一个娱乐行为，D选项描述了一个接受教育的机会，这些选项都不涉及权衡和取舍的问题。'
A:对 B:错
AI参考:答案：A。如果贷款或抵押贷款的利率下降，我们可能会受到诱惑去贷款购买一直想要的新车。所以这句话是对的。'
A:对 B:错
A:错 B:对
A:错 B:对
A:对 B:错
A:对 B:错
AI参考:正确答案是B:错。Average capital plus interest（按揭贷款）适合那些收入随着时间流逝而减少的人。根据上下文语境，这道题目给出的判断题应该是错误的。'
A:对 B:错
AI参考:正确答案是B:错。当政府试图把经济饼分得更公平时，饼会变得更小。这暗示了饼的大小和公平程度是成反比的，所以这句话是错误的。'
A:对 B:错
A:错 B:对
AI参考:正确答案是B：对。根据题目中的信息可以判断，如果您的专业是与IT相关的科目，那么最好的选择是去一线城市。因此，答案是B，即“对”。一线城市通常拥有更多的就业机会和更好的职业发展前景，因此对于IT专业的学生来说，去一线城市是一个不错的选择。'
A:错 B:对
AI参考:正确答案是B：对。通货膨胀的第三个经典原因是人们花费了太多的钱。这句话表明了通货膨胀的原因之一是人们消费过多，因此答案为B，表示正确。'
A:对 B:错
A:对 B:错
AI参考:答案是B：错。根据题目中的描述，公司通过“奢侈”产品获得巨大利润是因为一些顾客有点愚蠢，会购买这些产品。这种说法暗示了顾客是因为缺乏判断力或者盲目跟风而购买奢侈产品，这是一种贬低顾客智商的说法，因此是错误的。'
A:错 B:对
A:对 B:错
A:错 B:对
A:对 B:错
A:对 B:错
AI参考:答案是B：错。根据题目中的描述，如果中国取消与美国的贸易，将会在经济上受益，因为我们将被迫生产更多的国产电器和纺织品。但是，这种说法是不正确的，因为取消贸易会对双方产生负面影响，而不仅仅是受益一方。此外，电器和纺织品是全球贸易的重要组成部分，取消贸易将会对全球经济产生重大影响。因此，选项B是正确的。'
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