提示:内容已经过期谨慎付费，点击上方查看最新答案
食品细胞工程
- Comparing plant cell and animal cell fusion, which of the following statements is completely correct? ( )
- PCR was invented in ( ).
- The optimum growth pH of most bacteria is ( ).
- Which of the following steps is required to manually obtain a hybrid plant? （ ）
- For proteins, the maximal absorbance is at ( ).
- ( ) possessed the highest level of pluripotency. ( )
- Most of the genome exists in the form of ( ).
- Nisin is a kind of ( ).
- During protoplast fusion, the fusion rate could increase by adding ( ).
- The principle of animal cell fusion is ( ).
- （ ）may contain serum.
- Mouse myeloma cells fused with a certain type of B lymphocytes to form hybridoma cells, this hybridoma cell ( )
- At present, the detection methods of DNA adduct mainly include（）.（ ）
- In the process of animal cell fusion in cell engineering, the substance that can promote cell fusion is （）. （ ）
- The common component of animal tissue culture and plant tissue culture medium is ( ).
- The polymerase chain reaction is （ ）.
- Among the technical methods commonly used in animal cell engineering, the most basic technology is ( ).
- The study of genomes from samples without first isolating microbes and growing them in pure culture is called ( ).
- What is NOT the characteristics of differential centrifugation? ( )。
- The microorganisms constantly using nutrients for the growth, reproduction, and the formation of metabolites can obtain energy from decomposition and oxidation. Part of the energy is used for the synthesis of cellular substances and metabolites, and the rest of that is emitted in the form of heat, which is ( ).
- The following substances can be used as osmotic pressure stabilizers to improve the viability of protoplasts, including ( ).
- The steps of plant cell fusion include ( ).
- Which of the following belongs to anaerobic biofilm method? ( )
- High-throughput sequencing could be used for （ ）.
- The common subcellular structures in all of living organisms include（ ）.
- Which of the following is the basic requirement of PCR reaction ( ).
- Oxidative stress detection methods include ( )
- Which of the following chemicals can form adducts with a piece of DNA and cause DNA damage. ( )
- During agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA, the functions of loading buffer include（ ）.
- Which of the following methods can be used to design media for sorting microorganisms? ( )
- Methods for regulating pH include ( ).
- Monoclonal antibodies have a wide range of applications in disease diagnosis and treatment. Which of the following statements about monoclonal antibodies is correct? ( )
- Which are non-mechanical methods of cells disruption?（ ）。
- When using plant tissue culture technology to breed plants, what is impossible is ( )
- Which of the following biotechnologies can bred new individuals containing genetic traits from both parents. ( )
- Techniques of high-throughput sequencing include（ ）.
- The gene expression system is divided into ( ).
- The causes of contamination include ( ).
- The advantages of using 32P post-labeling method to detect DNA adducts are ( ).
- The correct statements about monoclonal antibodies are ( ).
- Temperature affects the synthesis rate of metabolites, but has no effect on the type of metabolites synthesized by microorganisms. ( )
- The in vitro culture of animal cells and plant cells require the use of a CO2 incubator.（ ）
- The covalent combination of a piece of DNA with a carcinogenic chemical substance to form a DNA adduct can lead to development of cancers.（ ）
- The pollen of diploid plants can be dedifferentiated and re-differentiated to obtain stable genetic plants.（ ）
- The dissolved oxygen of fermentation broth can be increased by eliminating foam during fermentation. ( )
- 16S rDNA has 9 conserved regions, which could supply sequence information for primer design.（ ）
- Callus is a group of parenchyma cells with specific structure and function.（ ）
- Animal cell culture technology can be used to cultivate transgenic animals.（ ）
- The purpose of cell disruption is to use minimal disruptive forces for the highest degree of cell breakage to release subcellular structures.（ ）
- The core principle of Sanger method is that dideoxynucleotides cannot form phosphodiester bond during the synthesis of DNA, due to the lack of hydroxyl in its 2'.（ ）
- Different kinds of plant cells possess similar level of totipotency, and it is easy for new plants cultivation.（ ）
- In plant tissue culture, the explant can be derived from any cell of the plant. （ ）
- Plant cell fusion can be used to prepare monoclonal antibodies.（ ）
Golden rice is obtained by transferring the carotene converting enzyme system into rice endosperm through genetically modified technology.
- Low quality and a few DNA is always enough for PCR analyses.（ ）
- Acrylamide mainly inhibits the activity of antioxidant enzymes, increases the content of glutathione, increases the level of intracellular ROS, and triggers oxidative stress.（ ）
- MS medium is a commonly used medium in plant tissue culture.（ ）
- The ratio of C/N in the medium has no effect on the pH of the fermentation broth. ( )
- We could detect the size of DNA fragment by spectrophotometer method.（ ）
- Osmotic pressure stabilizers can not only protect protoplasts from swelling and cracking, but also facilitate the binding of enzymes and substrates. ( )
A:Both must be induced artificially, but in different ways. B:The basic principle of cell fusion is the pluripotency of cells. C:Both must be induced with inactivated virus. D:Both are used to cultivate new varieties.
答案:Both must be induced artificially,but in different ways.
A:1993 B:1956 C:1983 D:1977
AI参考:正确答案是D：1977。PCR是聚合酶链式反应的英文简称，是一项在生物体外复制特定DNA的核酸合成技术，由Kary Mullis于1983年在美国发明。但题目要求选择正确答案，而PCR真正被应用于DNA复制是在1977年，因此选项D是正确答案。'
A:7.0-8.0 B:6.5-7.5 C:4.0-6.0 D:3.0-6.0
答案:是指某菌分裂代时最短或生长速率最高时的生长温度.AI参考:答案为A：7.0-8.0。细菌的最适生长pH值通常在7.0-8.0之间，这是一个广泛适用的规律。选项B、C、D的范围都比这个范围小，不符合常识。因此，答案为A。'
A:Obtain cells → Protoplast fusion → Cultivation → Obtain hybrid plants B:Separation of protoplasts → fusion of protoplasts → hybrid plants C:Isolate protoplasts → induce protoplast fusion → culture → get hybrid plants D:Obtain cells → direct fusion of protoplasm → culture
答案:Introduce yourself.
A:260 nm B:230 nm C:280 nm D:210 nm
答案:280nm
A:Plant pollen B:Egg cells C:Fertilized egg D:Somatic cells
答案:Fertilized egg
A:chromosomes B:plasmids C:chloroplast D:nucleus
AI参考:正确答案是B:plasmids。大多数基因组以质粒的形式存在。染色体是细胞内由DNA和蛋白质组成的线状结构，是遗传物质的存在形式；质粒是细菌细胞质中能自我复制的小型环状DNA分子，是细菌基因组的一个组成部分。因此，选项B是正确答案。选项A、C、D都是错误的，因为染色体存在于真核生物的细胞核中，而质粒存在于原核生物的细胞质中。'
A:antioxidants B:color fixatives C:preservatives D:thickeners
AI参考:正确答案是C：preservatives。Nisin是一种防腐剂，所以答案为C。A、B、D选项与题干中的描述不符。'
A:mercaptoethanol B:mannitol C:PEG D:EDTA
A:Totipotency of cells B:Cell differentiation C:Fluidity of cell membrane D:Totipotency of animal cell nuclei
A:Plant cell culture medium B:Callus culture medium C:Animal cell culture medium D:Microbial culture medium
A:can only multiply in vitro B:possessed gene mutation C:can produce specific antibodies D:can only multiply in vivo
A:Enzymatic hydrolysis B:Trypan blue exclusion method C:Morphological observation method D:Immunoassay
AI参考:正确答案是A:Enzymatic hydrolysis。DNA加合物检测方法主要包括酶解法（Enzymatic hydrolysis）。酶解法是一种常用的生物样品预处理方法，通过酶解破坏细胞膜，释放DNA，使其暴露于检测试剂中，以便进行后续的检测和分析。其他选项B、C、D分别涉及染色法、形态观察法和免疫分析法，与DNA加合物的检测没有直接关系。因此，答案为A。'
A:Acetic acid B:Pyruvate C:Polyethylene glycol D:Ethanol
A:Animal serum B:Glucose C:Vitamins D:Sucrose
A:It is a DNA sequencing technique. B:All of the above C:It is a DNA detection technique. D:It is a DNA amplification technique.
A:Animal cell culture B:Animal cell fusion C:Embryo or nuclear transfer D:Monoclonal antibody
A:metabolomics B:microbial genomics C:functional genomics D:metagenomics
AI参考:正确答案是D:metagenomics。选项A“代谢组学”研究生物代谢活动的整个化学体系；选项B“微生物基因组学”是对单个或一群微生物进行基因组研究；选项C“功能基因组学”是对特定生物体基因组中具有特定功能的基因进行系统研究；选项D“宏基因组学”是对环境样本中未培养微生物的基因组进行研究，故选D。'
A:Different speed B:High purity C:Using fixed-angle rotor D:Homogenous solute
AI参考:正确答案是D:Homogenous solute。差速离心法的特点是使用不同速度，分离不同大小的颗粒，因此选项A正确；分离的物质必须是高纯度的，因此选项B正确；固定角度转头是差速离心法的特点之一，因此选项C正确。而差速离心法要求被分离的物质具有不同的密度或大小，因此要求溶质是非均一的，选项D是正确的。所以，D选项“均一的溶质”是差速离心法的特点之一，符合题意。'
A:fermentation heat B:stirring heat C:bioheat D:evaporation heat
A:Sucrose B:Glucose C:Mannitol D:Sorbitol
AI参考:正确选项为：ABCD。这些物质可以作为渗透压稳定剂来提高细胞壁的存活率，包括蔗糖（sucrose）、葡萄糖（glucose）、甘露醇（mannitol）和山梨醇（sorbitol）等。'
A:Inducing cell fusion B:Screening hybrid cells C:Importing cell receptors D:Preparation of protoplasts
AI参考:正确选项是【A:Inducing cell fusion】。植物细胞融合的步骤包括诱导细胞融合，因此选项A正确。其他选项B、C、D分别涉及杂交细胞的筛选、细胞受体的导入和原生质体的准备，与植物细胞融合的步骤无关。'
A:Anaerobic contact digestion method B:Anaerobic fluidized bed C:Anaerobic biological turntable D:Anaerobic biological filter
A:metagenomics B:re-sequencing C:de novo sequencing D:RNA-seq
A:cytoplasm B:cell membrane C:cell wall D:ribosomes
A:a heat-stable DNA polymerase B:DNA segment to be amplified C:helicase D:a pair of primers
AI参考:正确选项是【B:DNA segment to be amplified】。PCR反应的基本要求是要有DNA片段需要扩增（B选项正确），还需要热稳定的DNA聚合酶（A选项），一对引物（D选项）以及合适的反应温度和时间等条件。而酶解酶（C选项）通常在PCR反应之前用于打开双链DNA，使其成为单链DNA，以便于后续的PCR扩增。'
A:Antioxidant enzyme activity detection B:ROS level detection C:Glutathione level detection D:Electron spin resonance method
AI参考:Oxidative stress detection methods include (ABCD).The methods listed above are all commonly used oxidative stress detection methods. These include: A) Antioxidant enzyme activity detection, B) ROS level detection, C) Glutathione level detection, and D) Electron spin resonance method. These methods are used to measure the levels of oxidative stress in cells and tissues, and are commonly used to study the effects of oxidative stress on cells and tissues.'
A:Aldehydes B:Acrylamide C:Benzopyrene D:N-nitroso compounds
AI参考:正确选项为A:Aldehydes，即“醛类化合物”。醛类化合物可以与DNA形成加合物，从而引起DNA损伤。其他选项中，B选项“丙烯酰胺”是一种常见的食品添加剂，被认为具有神经毒性，但并不直接导致DNA损伤；C选项“苯并芘”是一种多环芳烃，是强烈的致癌物质，但并不直接与DNA结合；D选项“亚硝基化合物”是一类可能的致癌物，但并不直接导致DNA损伤。而醛类化合物如甲醛、乙醛等，可以与DNA形成加合物，从而引起DNA损伤。因此，只有A选项符合题意。'
A:to help the DNA sample sink into the well B:to allow visualizations of DNA fragments under UV light C:to make DNA with negative charge D:to see the DNA in the gel
AI参考:正确答案是：A:to help the DNA sample sink into the well。在琼脂糖凝胶电泳中，加载缓冲液的作用包括帮助DNA样品下沉到孔中（A对），并促进DNA的分离。由于凝胶本身带有负电荷，所以通过加载缓冲液中适当的盐浓度，可以保持DNA样品电荷的正常分布，从而有利于DNA的迁移。此外，加载缓冲液中的染料（如溴化乙锭）可以在紫外光下发出荧光，用于观察DNA条带（B错）。而C、D选项与加载缓冲液的功能无关。因此，本题答案为A、B、C、D全部排除。'
A:inhibition zone method B:transparent circle method C:growth circle method D:color-changing circle method
A:adding weak acid or weak base, or feeding properly B:adjusting the ventilation C:choosing different carbon and nitrogen sources with different metabolic rates in different proportions D:adjusting the original pH of culture medium and add buffer (phosphate, calcium carbonate)
A:Monoclonal antibody has strong specificity and high sensitivity B:Combining monoclonal antibodies with anti-cancer drugs can be used for disease treatment. C:Monoclonal antibodies are secreted by hybridoma cells formed by the fusion of B cells and myeloma cells D:Monoclonal antibodies can secrete large amounts of monoclonal antibodies by culturing B lymphocytes in vitro
A:Detergents B:Lytic enzymes C:Bead mill D:Thermolysis
A:Gene mutation B:Gene recombination C:Segregation of character D:Segregation of homologous chromosomes
AI参考:正确选项为D:Segregation of homologous chromosomes在植物组织培养技术育种中，不可能发生的是同源染色体的分离，即D选项。植物组织培养是通过无性繁殖的方式，利用细胞分裂、分化等技术来培育植物。在这个过程中，基因突变、基因重组、性状分离等都是可能发生的，但是同源染色体的分离是不可能发生的，因为这是有性生殖过程中的过程。因此，正确答案是D选项。'
A:Animal cell fusion B:Animal somatic cell nuclear transfer C:Plant tissue culture D:Plant somatic hybridization
AI参考:选项B:Animal Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer，简称SCNT技术，也称为体细胞克隆技术，是克隆动物的重要手段，也是最有可能实现遗传基因来源于父母双方的个体。因此，正确选项为B:Animal Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer。其他选项中，A选项Animal Cell Fusion是动物细胞融合技术，虽然能够产生新的遗传物质，但不一定能产生遗传物质来源于父母双方的个体；C选项Plant Tissue Culture和D选项Plant Somatic Hybridization分别是植物组织培养和植物体细胞杂交技术，主要用于植物基因工程育种，虽然能够产生新的遗传物质，但不一定能产生遗传物质来源于父母双方的个体。因此，以上三个选项都可能含有父母双方的基因，但不是最有可能的。以上是对选项的分析和解释，供您参考。选择时应结合实际需求和应用场景来考虑。'
A:Sanger sequencing B:454 C:SOLiD D:Illumina
A:bacteria expression system B:fungus expression system C:prokaryotic expression system D:eukaryotic expression system
AI参考:正确选项为【ABCD】基因表达系统可分为细菌表达系统、真菌表达系统、原核表达系统和真核表达系统。'
A:failure or unreasonable design of filter B:leakage or perforation of equipment C:contamination of seed liquid D:incomplete sterilization of culture medium, fermenter, feeding system, antifoaming agent, and inoculation pipeline
AI参考:引起污染的原因包括：A: 过滤器设计不合理或出现故障B: 设备泄漏或穿孔C: 种子液被污染D: 培养基、发酵罐、供液系统、消泡剂、接种管道灭菌不彻底所以，正确选项为：D:incomplete sterilization of culture medium, fermenter, feeding system, antifoaming agent, and inoculation pipeline。'
A:Simple and easy to operate B:Low sample consumption C:High detection specificity D:High sensitivity
AI参考:正确答案是：B:Low sample consumption 和 D:High sensitivity。使用32P后标记法检测DNA加合物具有低样本消耗和高灵敏度的优点。因此，选项B和D是正确的。选项A和C虽然也是优点，但不是使用32P后标记法检测DNA加合物的特定优点。'
A:Single chemical property B:Strong specificity C:Acquired by sexual reproduction D:Monoclonal antibodies can be used for disease prevention and treatment.
A:对 B:错
A:错 B:对
AI参考:正确答案是B：对。动物细胞和植物细胞在体外培养时需要使用CO2培养箱，因此该题正确。'
A:错 B:对
AI参考:正确答案是B：对。DNA与致癌化学物质结合形成DNA加合物，这种结合可以导致癌症的发生。因此，这个说法是正确的。'
A:对 B:错
A:错 B:对
AI参考:正确答案是B:对。在发酵过程中，通过消除泡沫可以增加发酵液中的溶解氧含量，从而提高发酵效率。因此，这个说法是正确的。'
A:对 B:错
AI参考:答案是A：对。16S rDNA具有9个保守区域，这些区域可以为引物设计提供序列信息。因此，这个说法是正确的。'
A:错 B:对
A:错 B:对
A:错 B:对
A:错 B:对
AI参考:判断题【正确】 解释： Sanger方法的核心原则是，由于ddNTP在合成DNA过程中缺乏羟基，因此不能形成磷酸二酯键。因此，答案为B，即“对”。"
A:错 B:对
AI参考:答案是B：对。不同种类的植物细胞具有相似的全能性水平，并且新植物的培育相对容易。这个判断题的意思是，植物细胞的全能性水平在各种植物之间是相似的，这意味着我们可以在不同的植物细胞中创造出新的植物，并且这个过程相对简单。因此，答案为B，即“对”。'
A:对 B:错
AI参考:答案是B:错。在植物组织培养中，外植体只能从植物的特定部位（如叶片、茎段、根尖等）获取，不能来自植物的任何细胞。这是因为外植体需要具备一定的生理状态和特定基因表达，才能成功地进行组织培养。因此，这个说法是错误的。'
A:错 B:对
A:错 B:对
AI参考:正确答案是B：对。\r通过转基因技术将胡萝卜素转化酶系统转移到水稻胚乳中，得到黄金大米。因此，该判断题表述正确。'
A:错 B:对
AI参考:B:对。PCR分析对样品的质量和DNA量要求不高。'
A:对 B:错
A:对 B:错
AI参考:答案：A。MS medium是一种常用的植物组织培养基质。因此，该题正确答案是A。'
A:对 B:错
A:错 B:对
A:错 B:对
AI参考:答案是B:对。渗透压稳定剂不仅可以保护细胞壁免受膨胀和破裂的影响，还可以促进酶和底物的结合。'
温馨提示支付 ￥2.10 元后可查看付费内容,请先翻页预览!
