- Systemically acting drugs administered by all routes involve the absorption of drug from the place of administration into the blood. （ ）
- Modern chemical measurement systems often exhibit sufficient selectivity that a quantitative measurement can also serve as a qualitative measurement. （ ）
- It is difficult to measure the total concentration of both unbound and bound drug in total plasma. （ ）
- Much of our present physiological knowledge has been found from the experiments and studies on human beings. （ ）
- Analytical chemistry is concerned with two important questions: what is it (qualitative) and how much is it (quantitative). （ ）
- If one strand of DNA molecule is damaged, continuity of information will be damaged. （ ）
- The nervous system uses eleetrical signals to transmit information very rapidly to specific cells. （ ）
- Which of the following is not the characteristic of cells? ( )
- Why can DNA repair and replicate with high fidelity? ( )
- What is beneficial to human and animal health by consuming probiotics? ( )
- Infrared spectra will give"fingerprints"of inorganic compounds or their functional groups. （ ）
- What is the significance of including complementary and alternative medication (CAM) in pharmacy practice? ( )
- Surrogate or intermediate outcomes involve things that do not directly involve patients’ ( ).
- According to the passage, the new format of a drug insert issued by the FDA in 2000 ( ).
- The assembly of macromolecules into their native conformations needs ( ).
- Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? ( )
- ( ) in pharmacopoeia set forth the article's name, definition, specification and other requirements related to packaging, storage, and labeling.
- When was the breadth of microbiology revealed?( )
- Utilization of computer system to facilitate prescription processing becomes ( ).
- Academia and some semi-academic research organizations usually apply modern approaches to natural product drug discovery. （ ）
- With the level of sodium increasing in the extracellular fluid, the cardiac muscle cells become too excitable and may contract. （ ）
- Small molecules generally do not necessarily need a PK assay for quantification of the unchanged compound and its (major) metabolite(s). （ ）
- Surrogate outcomes are preferred measures of efficacy than patient-oriented outcomes, because they can be much more feasible to use. （ ）
- Genomic studies, genomic mining and biotechnology are being employed in the research for new antibiotics and other drugs in streptomyces. （ ）
- Generation of ATP from ADP is an energy-liberating process. （ ）
- As far as the function of the package insert is concerned, the FDA finds that it is usually time-intensive and clinically inefficient for many practitioners to get the information they need, because the package insert format disproportionately stressed the occurrence of extremely rare clinical events. （ ）
- In the FPI text, both the sections dealing with risk information and the sections not dealing with risk are grouped, but separately. But clinical pharmacology and patient counseling information are not included in this section. （ ）
- The FPI contains cross-references to the Highlights, which contains the full explanatory text for the bulleted summaries and is easily accessed by practitioners to encourage its use and discourage use of the Highlights section as the sole source of information. （ ）
- Prodrugs are not therapeutically effective unless they are changed into therapeutically active forms before or after reaching the systemic circulation. （ ）
- The FD&C Act stipulates that the article different in strength, quality, or purity may still have the same name if the difference is stated on the article’s label. （ ）
- Studies have shown that many of the prescriptions filled from Internet pharmacies are adulterated, and do not contain the labeled ingredients.（ ）
- According to FD&C Act, only drug products shall be manufactured in accordance with cGMP. （ ）
- A drug is said to be useful in therapy if it has the ability to produce its desired effects with only tolerable undesired effects. （ ）
- Which of the following is the best way of studying pharmacology for medical students and practitioners? ( )
- Lowering blood glucose to a ( ) higher level in patients with diabetes resulted in lower mortality and morbidity than did lowering blood glucose to near-normal concentrations
- Looking beyond assay technologies, sample-clean procedures routinely used for ( ) (e.g solvent extraction and affinity chromatography ) usually cannot be used for biologics
- It's unreasonable for a physician to be interested mainly in the effects of drugs on human beings, for the pharmacological evaluation of drugs in them may be limited due to technical, legal, and ethical reasons. （ ）
- The forces that provide stability and specificity to the three-dimensional structures of macromolecules and supramolecular complexes are mostly covalent interactions. （ ）
- Which of the following are specialized in producing force and movement? ( )
- Analytical chemistry seeks ever improved means of measuring the chemical composition of natural and artificial materials. （ ）
- In medicine, analytical chemistry is the basis for ( ) laboratory tests which help physicians diagnose disease and chart progress in recovery.
- GMP compliance is a requirement only for the manufacture of drug products. （ ）
- What is the meaning of "drug candidate"? ( )
- Chemically, biologics are mainly represented by ( ) comprising L-amino acids and various sugar molecules.
- What category does simvastatin belong to? （ ）
- What are the high-value products made from microbes? ( )
- In a parallel synthesis, all the products are ( ) separately in their own reaction vessels.
- Which of the following Is not the characteristic of regulation by hormone? ( )
- Plasma drug concentration is affected by following factors such as ( )
- ( ) spectra will give "fingerprints" of organic compounds or their functional groups.
- Studies conducted by the FDA and NABP find that many of the prescriptions filled from Internet pharmacies are ( ).
- The breakdown of large molecules to smaller ones is called ( ).
- Who observed microorganisms with their simple lense microscopes in the 17th century? ( )
- When the ADR requires adjusting drug dosage or regimen, discontinuing the drug and evaluating the patient for medication compliance, it means that the ADR associated with use of the drug is ( ).
- Generally, free alkaloids can easily dissolve in ( ).
- Although ( ) is the ultimate decision-making body for USP-NF standards, these standards are developed by an exceptional process of public involvement and substantial interaction between USP and its domestic stakeholders.
- Biochemistry is to determine ( )
- What is the function of ATP? ( )
- Which of the following is not appropriate for the interpretation of the word "current"? ( )
- ( ) quality is often evaluated by testing suspected contaminants using the techniques of analytical chemistry.
- What do you infer from "the relatively new science of microbiology is huge"? ( )
- Which of the following is not the fundamental characteristic of living organisms? ( )
- Chemists often start a combinatorial synthesis by attaching the first set of building blocks to ( ), microscopic beads made of polystyrene.
- Which of the following statements is right according to the passage? ( )
- In a drug insert, pharmacokinetic effects are included in ( ) section
- The "Recent Major Changes" section lists only major changes in the boxed warning, indications and usage, dosage and administration, contraindications and warnings, and precautions sections. （ ）
- In the 1980s, health practitioners found it easy to get specific information and to distinguish critical information from less important issues in the package insert.（ ）
- Some information in FPI Contents section is cross-referenced in ( ) section.
- For the drugs that received the FDA, s approval more than 5 years before the final ruling in June 2006, the pharmaceutical companies may elect either to continue the old format of the package insert or to reformat it. （ ）
- Same as that in the USA, all drug products are inspected by the regulatory authority for compliance to GMP in the UK. （ ）
- Each stage of A PI production will influence the quality of final API. （ ）
- “Starting material” includes ( )
- ( ) is the drug regulatory agency in the UK.
- Which of the following statements on the manufacture of API is NOT true? ( )
- Impurities in the final API will be removed because it will influence the quality of drug products. （ ）
- ICH Q7 A is a worldwide guidance for the manufacture of drug products for both commercial and R&D purposes. （ ）
- Which of the following statements about the US and the UK requirements on GMP is NOT true? ( )
- A drug with wide therapeutic window is often safer than those with narrow ones. （ ）
- Even a drug that causes many more harms than benefits, it may still be worth prescribing to patients. （ ）
- Which of the following statements is TRUE? ( )
- Adverse effects may only be fully known after a drug has been in widespread clinical use for a long time. （ ）
- The intuitive standard used for the measurement of efficacy and safety in medical history are no longer used today. （ ）
- Clinicians often consider factors that are somewhat ( ), such as personal experience, anecdotes, peer practices, and expert opinions.
- Which of following elements is not involved in Patient-oriented outcomes? ( )
- ( ) increases risk of bleeding.
- Unlike effectiveness, efficacy cannot be evaluated accurately even in an ideal environment. （ ）
- Tissue cross-reactivity (TCR) studies in a panel of human tissues determining the level of cross-recognition are necessary for targeted biologics such as mAbs. （ ）
- The activity assay is particularly useful for measuring the neutralizing activity of an ADA, although it was originally developed to measure product efficacy. （ ）
- As in the case for small molecules, some toxicological studies have to be performed before first use in humans. （ ）
- ( ) is generally directly related to uncertainty and is reduced through knowledge and best scientific practices.
- Because of the ( ) of the compound class, our future nonclinical development programs must be considered largely on a case-by-case basis.
- Toxicology programs with ( ) administration of biologics often have less long-term treatments than SMDS.
- Essential reagents such as poly- or monoclonal antibodies might not be difficult to obtain in the early stages of development. （ ）
- sample-clean procedures routinely used for small molecules cannot usually be used for biologics. （ ）
- Adequate exposure needed for specific treatment regimens can be hindered by the formation of ( ) with drug neutralization or accelerated clearance.
- To incorporate natural products in the modern HTS programmes, a natural product library is not useful. （ ）
- What category does paclitaxel belong to? ( )
- The traditional way of discovering drug from natural product is bioassay-guided. （ ）
- Cephalosporin C is an antiviral compound. （ ）
- 90%to95%of plants on this planet have not been investigated so far. （ ）
- What is the meaning of HTS? ( )
- Natural products have been a source of drugs and drug leads. （ ）
- What category does azithromycin belong to? ( )
- The list of prohibited substances at the Olympic Games includes about 500 different active constituents, such as ( ).
- Doped compounds are identified using the highly selective combination of gas ( )-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
- In industry, analytical chemistry provides the means of testing raw materials and for assuring the quality of finished products whose chemical ( ) is critical.
- ( ) spectrometry provides molecular structural data on the compounds.
- Blood ( ) must be monitored in diabetics (and, in fact, most diseases are diagnosed by chemical analysis).
- The formation of a white precipitate when adding a solution of silver nitrate to a dissolved sample indicates the presence of ( ).
- Chromatography provides powerful ( ).
- Regarding the definition of bioavailability (BA), BA is related to ( )
- Biopharmaceutics mainly studies the in vivo process of drugs and metabolites in humans, animals and tissue culture, which specifically involves ( )
- Formulation is about the design, development and evaluation of dosage forms, ( )
- Pharmaceutics is an interdisciplinary subject involving ( )
- The chemical reactions required to link compounds to the beads and later to detach them ( ) to the synthesis process.
- H. Mario Geysen initially used parallel synthesis as a quick way to identify which small ( ) of any given large protein bound to an antibody.
- In many laboratories today, robots assist with the routine work of parallel synthesis, such as ( ) small amounts of reactive molecules into the appropriate wells.
- Which of the following is what a clinician is primarily interested in according to the text? ( )
- What are the tasks related to medicines almost completely delegated to the pharmacists now? ( )
- Why was the physician not interested in pharmacognosy? ( )
- Which of the following parts of knowledge of drugs should be included in pharmacology? （ ）
答案:错
答案:对
答案:错
答案:对
答案:对
答案:错
答案:对
答案:Living cells can not transform materials
答案:DNA double helix contains two complementary strands, one serves as a template for the synthesis of the other.
答案:It helps relieve symptoms of lactose intolerance, boost the immune system and prevent diarrhea and colon cancer
答案:错
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