广西师范大学
- There are billions of people on this planet, and many of us love to eat meat. Can the demand be filled in a sustainable and affordable way? A bunch of businessmen are not only optimistic but are working to make this happen sooner than you may think. The environmental effects caused by meat consumption---waste, animal treatment, health problems and even the greenhouse gas effects that are potentially caused by methane gas produced by cows---have given rise to a number of startups（新兴公司）looking to develop meats in different ways. For example, San Francisco-based Memphis Meats is developing cell-based meats in its labs without requiring any animals. Israel’s Future Meat Technologies is doing the same by producing fat and muscle cells that are being tested by chefs in Jerusalem. All of these companies use special processes to harvest cells from animals and grow them in a lab. But don’t worry if you’re not a meat lover. Startups such as Jet Eat, which is also based in Israel, are working on food products grown in labs that are plant-based and replicate meats using natural elements while still keeping flavor, consistency and the “overall sensory experience”, according to a report on NoCamels. Jet Eat, which was founded in early 2018, aims to 3D-print their lab-grown products by 2020. As you can imagine, there are plenty of barriers facing the industry. Educating the public is a big one. Another controversial issue is the labeling of the products. Recently both the USDA and the Food and Drug Administration（FDA）announced that they will begin jointly controlling the new “cell-based meat” category.Many of us have concerns about the challenges facing future generations as our global population increases and the earth’s natural resources decreases. The good news is that there are plenty of businessmen around the world---like those producing lab-grown meats---who are working to solve some of these problems and make a little money in the process. Nothing wrong with that.
- The Notre Dame fire has been put out, but its spire and a large portion of its wooden roof have been damaged. The terrible destruction causes a sudden sharp pain to people around the world. On Chinese social media network Wechat a common comment on the disaster is: “What a pity that we cannot see the damaged parts of the wonder anymore.”But the good news is that there is at least one way of seeing them, namely via a video game called Assassin's Creed: Unity. In this game, the player can travel to one city after another and enter the buildings exactly like what they are in reality, and see Notre Dame as it was before the fire. Further, with virtual reality technology, which is already quite mature, one can even look around the undamaged Notre Dame as if it is still there. Maybe digital technology could help to better protect architectural cultural heritage. The idea of digitizing ancient buildings, making digital models of them so their data can be saved，dates back to the 1990s and the necessary technology has continued to advance since then. By scanning the ancient buildings with lasers, building 3D models with multiple images, as well as measuring everything precisely，engineers can make a copy as accurate as the real one.As computers and smartphones are hugely popular，the digital replica（复制品）has great use value. First，it allows tourists to feel the cultural relics without touching them，which helps protect them. The virtual tour of Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu Province is a good example of this as tourists can view the paintings without standing near them. Furthermore, it can make the digitized cultural relics more famous by spreading awareness about them via the Internet. In 2000, a virtual tour of the Great Wall became very popular at the Hannover World Expo, which increased the number of foreign tourists visiting the site in the following years. Above all, it preserves all the information of the cultural relics. Even if the original ones are damaged one day, people can still know what they were like and can build a replica if desired.Of course，however precise a model is, it is not the original. Time is the biggest threat to a country's architectural heritage, which will always become ruins with the passing of time. Maybe we will have better technologies in the future, but the digital technology offers a practical way to preserve architectural cultural heritage at the moment.
- Surviving Hurricane Sandy Natalie Doan,14, has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York. Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the wave from her house. “It’s the ocean that makes Rockaway so special,” she says. On October 29, 2012, that ocean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard. Fortunately, Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city’s bridge closed. When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins. Many of Natalie’s friends had lost their homes and were living far away. All around her, people were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn. In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie. Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys. Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild. Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings. “My mom tells me that I can’t control what happens to me,” Natalie says. “but I can always choose how I deal with it.” Natalie’s choice was to help.She created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help. Natalie posted introduction about a boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collecting when his house burned down. Within days, Patrick’s collection was replaced. In the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher, who received a new basketball; Charlie, who got a new keyboard. Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-need supplies to Rockaway. Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change. Today, the scars of destruction are still seen in Rockaway, but hope is in the air. The streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt. “I can’t imagine living anywhere but Rockaway,” Natalie declares. “My neighborhood will be back, even stronger than before.”
- The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don’t know. By next year, half of the calls we receive will be scams. We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, it’s too little, too late. By the time these “solutions” become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. In the near future, it’s not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt. Soon you will also question whether the voice you’re hearing is actually real.That’s because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use. At this year’s I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse. The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision. A decade of data breaches （数据侵入） of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother’s name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, they’re able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller’s, tricking you into “confirming” your address, mother’s name, and card number. Scammers follow money, so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships. Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real. That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by, or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications---using apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.
- They have created an ambitious program to preserve the ( ) system in that area.
- The decree（法令） imposed strict ( ) of the media.
- Indian ( ) companies spend huge amounts of money every year.
- Caribou travel to the ( ) plain during June and July to give birth and raise their young.
- Investigators are ( ).They don’t know whether this was an accident, a suicide, or a murder.
- Mike would help his mother ( ) some firewood before she made the meals.
- He was more accustomed to cocktail party chatter than to political or ( ) discussions.
- To ( ) my point, let me tell you a little story.
- Some celebrities would do some work for charity to ( ) their reputation.
- I never had to clean up after him. ( ), he did most of the cleaning.
- We have our native ( ) talent, yet we hardly use it.
- The room was full of pictures and other beautiful ( ).
- Irony is a figure of speech, and usually relates one thing but means the opposite. What is the very characteristic shared by ironies?（ ）
- Logical fallacy can be divided into two main categories, and what are they?（ ）
- We were ( ) by requests for information.
- We are determined to ( ) racism from our sport.
- The secretary of state is the ( ) of the foreign minister.
- I think that hatred of the other is deeply ( ) in our society.
- When did logic come into being? （ ）
- ( ) is sometimes used to refer to a group of people of the same race, language, and customs, especially in a developing country.
- He often ( ) for his housebound grandmother.
- The roof timbers were affected by rot and ( ) attack.
- Human interests should be given ( ) over those of nature despite the need for environmental protection.
- He gave me very ( ) directions on how to get there.
- Fat people should avoid excessive ( ) in sweets and canned drinks.
- Which of the following job titles is gender-biased? （ ）
- Why does the narrator decide to teach Polly logic? （ ）
- Which fallacy dose the following example illustrate?（ ）
- Don't think this job as a piece of cake. You'll have to rack your brains once you start on. What’s the meaning of racking your brains in this sentence? ( )
- Mary's solution to the puzzle is ( ).
- Which word does not show a comparison or contrast between two neighboring sentences? ( )
- It is because of awareness and ( ) of religious differences that wars break out.
- Slaves were not ( ) until 1863 in the United States.
- The hospital is working hard to ( ) mistakes.
- This area is rich in ( ) resources.
- His ( ) is good in theory but cannot be put into practice.
- Since the beginning of the year, there have been sharp drops in the pound-dollar ( ) rate.
- The garden is surrounded by a ( ) in which many small creatures can live.
- Tourist forget their ( ) idea as soon as they visit our country.
- He complained that he'd been receiving ( ) phone calls.
- The project is designed to ( ) around 30 megawatts of power for the national grid.
- Coffee is the ( ) of this district and brings local farmers a lot of money.
- On her wedding day, the bride looked truly ( ).
- The teacher didn't report the boy's (B) behavior to his parents immediately. ( )
- If we continue to ( ) the earth's natural resources, we will cause serious damage to the environment.
- He ( ) the argument of the other team in a debate.
- I don’t want to ( ) downtown at this time of night.
- She was very handsome, but so proud and vain that she could not endure that anyone should ( ) her in beauty.
- Freshwater is not ( ) distributed across the globe.
- A diet high in fat may lead to ( ).
- Mass media is ( ), that is, the focus on one event doesn’t last very long. The expression “there is nothing as old as yesterday’s news” illustrates this aspect of mass media.
- Although it was rather artistic, this film was not fully ( ) to ordinary people.
- After the treatment she can see things more clearly than before. This is a sign that her ( ) nerve is functioning.
- It seems that many people have ( ) periods of stress, with more physical and mental vigor than they had before.
- She is an independent thinker who is brave enough to challenge convention and ( ).
- We need a ( ) that protects the rights of all our citizens.
- Sally did not want to be ruled by anyone and it is notable that she never allowed the men in her life to eclipse her. What’s the meaning of eclipse in this sentence? ( )
- Which fallacy does the following example illustrate? （ ）
- Deaf people are sometimes treated as being mentally ( ).
- They usually put a protective coating on the ( ) surface of the walls.
答案:
答案:
答案:正确答案:B
答案:aim at victims precisely; disappointed; technologies can be double-edited; why robocalls are about to get more dangerous
A:operating
B:ecological
C:solar
D:economic
答案:ecological
A:limitation
B:inspiration
C:confinement
D:censorship
答案:censorship
A:conduct
B:cosmetic
C:content
D:comprehend
答案:cosmetic
A:horizontal
B:coastal
C:rental
D:crystal
答案:coastal
A:shocked
B:stumped
C:scared
D:concerned
答案:stumped
A:charge
B:chock
C:chop
D:check
A:philosophically
B:philosophical
C:disclose
D:philosophize
A:illegible
B:illustrate
C:Illegitimate
D:illusion
A:enable
B:enlighten
C:enhance
D:enforce
A:If so
B:If any
C:If anything
D:If ever
A:intimate
B:inside
C:inborn
D:inert
A:equipment
B:tools
C:facilities
D:ornaments
A:Directness
B:Happiness
C:Sadness
D:Indirectness
A:good one and bad one
B:true one and false one
C:formal one and informal one
D:right one and wrong one
A:overdue
B:outnumber
C:overwhelmed
D:offset
A:eradicate
B:extent
C:extract
D:emphasize
A:counterman
B:counteract
C:counter
D:counterpart
A:embryo
B:embody
C:embedded
D:embraced
A:more than 5000 years ago
B:more than 4000 years ago
C:more than 1000 years ago
D:more than 2000 years ago
A:Tribe
B:Neighbour
C:Crowd
D:Group
A:runs errands
B:runs across
C:runs about
D:runs after
A:insect
B:clam
C:garment
D:recipe
A:attitude
B:priority
C:claim
D:option
A:implied
B:explicit
C:implicit
D:explain
A:diligence
B:indulgence
C:intelligence
D:genes
A:chairman
B:police officer
C:boss
A:Because he wants to have a discussion with Polly on logic.
B:Because he believes this can make Polly intelligent.
C:Because this is what he is good at and he wants to show it off.
D:Because he thinks Polly would be interested in logic.
A:g. Mind and rivers can be both broad. It is a known fact that the broader the river, the shallower it is. Therefore it must be true that the broader the mind, the shallower it is.
B:Dicto Simpliciter
C:Hasty Generalization
D:Ad Misericordiam
E:False Analogy
A:深思熟虑
B:绞尽脑汁
C:认真考虑
D:易如反掌
A:glamorous
B:ingenious
C:luminous
D:intelligence
A:diminish
B:decrease
C:increase
D:imply
A:annoyance
B:impatience
C:unwillingness
D:intolerance
A:exiled
B:emancipated
C:employed
D:emerged
A:erupt
B:expect
C:eradicate
D:erect
A:urgent
B:general
C:ultimate
D:thermal
A:propose
B:preposition
C:proposal
D:proposition
A:transfer
B:conversion
C:diversion
D:reference
A:hedge
B:bench
C:villa
D:bridge
A:prepared
B:preconceived
C:proved
D:preliminary
A:malicious
B:maliciously
C:maliciousness
D:merciless
A:lend
B:engage
C:generate
D:carry
A:elite
B:staple
C:majority
D:spice
A:glorious
B:brilliant
C:radiant
D:radical
A:bizarre
B:essential
C:natural
D:attainable
A:defense
B:complete
C:deplete
D:develop
A:released
B:boosted
C:rebutted
D:but
A:howl around
B:pace around
C:wander around
D:swarm around
A:suppress
B:supervise
C:surpass
D:suffice
A:evenly
B:routinely
C:respectively
D:possibly
A:insomnia
B:obesity
C:obese
D:obeseness
A:transfer
B:transaction
C:transform
D:transient
A:sociable
B:intelligible
C:sustainable
D:sizable
A:optional
B:oral
C:optic
D:auditory
A:come into
B:come in
C:come through
D:come upon
A:conform
B:conformity
C:confront
D:confirm
A:judge
B:judicious
C:judiciary
D:judicial
A:暗如日食
B:暗如月食
C:黯然失色
D:黯然神伤
A:g. You must have graded my exam incorrectly. I studied English very hard, and my career depends a lot on it. If you give me failing grade, my future will be crushed.
B:False Analogy
C:Hasty Generalization
D:Dicto Simpliciter
E:Ad Misericordiam
A:default
B:deficit
C:deficient
D:defect
A:outer
B:exterior
C:external
D:outside
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