国际关系与国际法第六章测试_智慧树知到答案2021年

第六章 Acquisition of territory：Acquisition of territory6.1Acquisition of territory:Chapter 6 Acquisition of territory
6.2Modes of acquisition of territory-Cession:How can a state gain or transfer territory? How many means are there recognized by the international society? In this part, we talk about cession, which is based on treaties.When we refer to the history of world, we know that there were many examples of cession, such as Qing Dynasty and Russian Government. In cession, an agreement is necessary, but do all the treaties about cession of territory are legal and peaceful? History can give us the answer.
6.3Modes of acquisition of territory-Occupation (of terra nullius):We know that another method to gain territory is occupation. This method means that a state can gain a territory if there is a terra nullius, which is a area a territory without occupation by any state. However, with the development of modern society, this kind of method has changed over time. This kind of method almost disappear in the past times. However recent years, there are several states claimed some territory on the Antarctica. Maybe in the future this method will get new development both in theory and practice.
6.4Modes of acquisition of territory-Prescription:Another important method to gain territory is by prescription, which is based on effective control over territory. This kind of method actually come from the ancient Roman law.It means that if a state effectively control a territory smoothly and without any interruption, then, the state gain this territory by prescription. However, what criteria shall be satisfied to judge a prescription? May be we can come to a conclusion that prescription is just a legal claim, could not be really applied in international relations today.
6.5Modes of acquisition of territory--Operations of nature:Another important method to gain territory is through operations of nature. And there are many examples. And today, both the operation of nature and operation of human beings are accepted as legal means to acquire territory.
6.6Modes of acquisition of territory--Adjudication（1）:Adjudication is also a mode of acquisition. While in reality ,there are several obstacles. The first question is that international court`s jurisdiction is based on state consents. And another question is that not all the judicial decision are accepted by the losing countries.
6.7Modes of acquisition of territory--Adjudication（2）:By conquest, one state can also gain territory. Since conquest is closely related to the use of force, it is usually related to war. Peace and war are two traditional parts in international law. Date back to the old times, use of force was generally deemed as legal methods. Until the U.N. Charter established, use of force turned into an illegal method. So the boundary line is the year 1945. Thus, seen from the history, there was legal conquest according to the states` practices, and now, it is definitely unlawful
6.8Acquiescence, recognition and estoppel:Under the premise that there exists a dispute on a definite area of territory, and if one state declares rights over this territory and the other state stays silent, then it is acquiescence. And estoppel means that a state can not say what it has said before is wrong. It is a legal principle, recognized both by international law and national law all over the world. But how to define estoppel, or to say, what kind of declaration and expressions constitute estoppel in reality.

[单选题]在国际法中，引起国家继承的原因是？（    ）
政府更迭
条约或财产的变更
国家的领土变更
外交关系的建立
答案：国家的领土变更
[单选题]下列情况产生政府承认问题的是？
正常的王位继承
一国被外国占领，该国政府流亡国外
发生政变，原政府被推翻建立了新政府
通过宪法程序产生的新政府[单选题]一国对另一国叛乱团体的承认表明（    ）。
该国对武装斗争保持中立
该叛乱团体获得了交战团体的地位
该国在一定范围内对武装斗争保持中立
发生武装斗争的国家在国际法上的代表权出于未定状态[多选题]下列选项中已经被广泛承认的国际法主体是？
国际组织
国家
个人
争取独立反对殖民统治的民族[多选题]历史上可以取得领土的方式有（    ）。
添附
时效
割让
先占
征服[单选题]下列有关和河流的表述中哪项是错误？（  ）
多国河流指对所有沿岸国家开放航行的河流
国际河流流经的各段分别属于各沿岸国所有
所有国家的船舶特别是商船可以在国际河流自由通过
外国商船可以在内河自由航行[单选题]下列有关先占的说法错误的是（  ）
先占是国家有意识的取得当时不在任何其他国家主权之下的土地的主权的一种占取行为
国际法要求先占的完成必须是实现有效占领
先占并非一定是国家行为
先占的客体必须是无主地[单选题]国家领土的组成部分有（  ）
专属经济区
大陆架
毗连区
群岛水域[单选题]1986年1月海底火山爆发之后，在太平洋上出现了一个岛屿。英国政府指出：“我们的理解是，该岛屿出现在日本硫磺岛的领海内。因此我们认为它是日本领土”。这一领土取得方式是：（  ）
先占
添附
割让
时效[单选题]某油田跨越甲乙两国边界，分别位于甲乙两国的底土中。甲乙两国均为联合国成员国，且它们之间没有相关协议，根据有关的国际法规则和国际实践，对油田归属与开发，下列哪一选项是正确的？（  ）
该油田位于甲乙两国各自底土中的部分分属甲国、乙国各自所有
无论哪一方对该油田进行开发，都必须与另一方分享所获尤其收益
该油田的开发应在联合国托管理事会监督下进行
该油田属于甲乙两国的共有物，其中任何一国无权单独进行勘探和开采