- On January10, 49 BC, Julius Caesar crossed the Rubicon River, which marked the start of another Roman Civil War between Caesar and the Roman Senate controlled by Crassus. （ ）
- Homer’s first epic poem, The Iliad, started with the Wrath of Achilles. （ ）
- At the Battle of Salamis, when the Spartan king Leonidas realized they would lose, he sent back most of his troops home. The king and his 300 soldiers fought to death. （ ）
- Mark Antony, Cleopatra and Octavian formed the second Triumvirate. （ ）
- Henry Tudor, also called Henry VII, was the second king from the House of Tudor. （ ）
- Julius Caesar was Octavian’s maternal great-uncle. They have the same first name Gaius. When Octavian was born, Caesar named him and made him as his adopted son and heir. （ ）
- Huntington believes Modernization is Westernization. （ ）
- The Roman Catholic Church’s central administration, the Holy See, is in the Vatican City within Rome. （ ）
- Michelangelo is regarded the “Universal Genius” and the “Renaissance Man.” （ ）
- During Russia’s Time of Trouble, Sigismund led Polish army invaded Russia. （ ）
- The Bible is the holy book of Christianity. The first part is the Old Testament, based on the Hebrew Bible. （ ）
- In Roman mythology, Satyr was a goat man, Roman name Faun. Have you seen the movie The Chronicles of Narnia? There was a Faun named Mr. Tumnus. （ ）
- The twelve Olympians are twelve major gods and goddesses live atop Mount Olympus. They were a family led by Zeus. （ ）
- Remus was the first king of the Roman Kingdom. （ ）
- Alexander the Great created the League of Corinth; it was the first time most of the Greek city-states managed to unite into a single political entity. Members of the League agreed never to wage war against each other and they would unite their army to conquer the Persian Empire. （ ）
- In the story of the Golden Apple of Discord, a goddess named Paris had a golden apple only for the beautiful woman, which caused a heated competition among Hera, Athena and Aphrodite. （ ）
- The Netherlands has the best location for the trade within Europe, because it is on the halfway between the Bay of Biscay and the Baltic Sea. （ ）
- Pompey formed an alliance with Crassus and Julius Caesar, which was called the Second Triumvirate. （ ）
- Plutarch's Germania described the lands, laws, and customs of the various Germanic tribes; his descriptions were considered a warning of the Romans’ excessive self-confidence. （ ）
- The second epic poem of Homer is The Odyssey, it tells how the Greek hero Agamemnon, king of Ithaca, going home after the Trojan War. （ ）
- Who said “I know one thing that I know nothing”? （ ）
- The Classical Greece opened and closed both with wars against the ______, it lasted until the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC. （ ）
- The Revolution in 1688 also called the Revolution. （ ）
- In 1519, started his great circumnavigation around the world. （ ）
- The highest leader of the Roman Republic was two consuls, elected by the citizens and advised by a senate. The term of consulship was year (s). （ ）
- paved the way for Julius Caesar to become the sole ruler of the Roman Republic. （ ）
- Because of Prometheus’ stealing fire from Zeus and gave it to human, Zeus wanted to punish Prometheus and the human, so he ordered the first woman to carry around a box which contained both hope and misfortunate. At last, the woman opened the box but left hope inside. What does Pandora’s box mean? （ ）
- In the following choices, who is not one of the three great tragedians? （ ）
- King earned the title “Lion Heart” because of his reputation as a great military leader and warrior. （ ）
- The Burghers of Calais is a famous sculpture by . （ ）
- 31 The Invasion of Russia in was disastrous, most of Napoleon’s army of 500,000 was killed by Russians or the cold winter, only 100,000 came back. （ ）
- Who is best known for serving as co-founder, chief editor, and contributor to the Encyclopedia published in France between 1751 and 1772. （ ）
- The Four Seasons, a series of violin concertos is the work of . （ ）
- Germany is located between the and North Seas to the north, and the Alps to the south, covering an area of 357,022 square kilometers. （ ）
- Who said: “Plato is dear to me, but dearer still is truth.” （ ）
- Who was the 16th American president from 1861 until his assassination On April 14, 1865? （ ）
- The University of in Italy, founded in 1088, was the oldest university in Europe. It was organized by the guild of students; a guild is a formal association of people with similar interests or same job. （ ）
- Beethoven's Symphony No . also known as the “Choral” Symphony, is one of the most performed symphonies in the world today, the lyrics of the chorus was a poem Ode to Joy written by German poet Friedrich Schiller. （ ）
- Elizabeth I was the daughter of Henry VIII and the last monarch of the Dynasty. The Elizabethan Era is the period of the history of England during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I from 1558 to 1603. （ ）
- In 1600, the Roman Inquisition proclaimed guilty, and he was burned to death at the stake in a public square called “Field of Flowers” in Rome. （ ）
- Thucydides wrote, “What made war inevitable was the growth of Athenian power and the fear which this caused in Sparta.” , a Harvard professor coined the phrase “Thucydides Trap” to refer to when a rising power caused fear in an established power, confrontation or war would eventually happen. （ ）
- Friedrich Engels said, “The word is a spell that drove the Spaniards across the Atlantic to the Americas.” （ ）
- was a great historian at the Augustan age. His only surviving work is The History of Rome, telling the history of Rome from the earliest legends to the death of Augustus. （ ）
- During the reign of , France replaced Spain as the greatest nation in Europe. （ ）
- Who said “Knowledge is power”? （ ）
- The Thirty Years’ War ended in by the Peace of Westphalia, a series of peace treaties signed between May and October in the Westphalian cities of Osnabrück and Münster. （ ）
- The is the icon of Rome, also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre. （ ）
- In 1922, German historian Oswald Spengler published The Decline of the West, claiming that the Western world is ending and witnessing the last season “winter time,” and about the year of __________, Western civilization would enter the period of pre-death emergency.
- Louis XIV was from the House of Bourbon, he ruled for years and 110 days, the longest record in European history. （ ）
- The Italian Wars from 1494 to 1559 was actually the power struggle between France and . （ ）
- After the defeat of France in the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars (1792–1815), Britain emerged as the principal naval and imperial power of the 19th century, and by the early of the 20th century, it became the largest empire in history, “the empire on which the sun never sets.” （ ）
- George III was King of Great Britain and King of Ireland from 1760 until the union of the two countries in , and then he became King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death in 1820. （ ）
- Joseph Haydn was praised as “Father of the Symphony” and “Father of the String Quartet.” （ ）
- Who said, “Man is born free and everywhere he is in chains”? （ ）
- Montesquieu spent 21 years working on which book？（ ）
- During the reign of Victory, Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland, the parliaments of England and Scotland passed the Acts of Union in 1706. The kingdoms of England and Scotland united as a single sovereign state known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain. （ ）
- The United States Congress has the sole power to make laws, and it has only one chamber. （ ）
- Who was both King of Great Britain and Ireland and Elector of Hanover until his death in 1727? （ ）
- Beethoven's symphony, Heroic Symphony was originally dedicated to Napoleon. However, when he heard Napoleon would be crowned emperor, he scratched the name Bonaparte in the title page; he was so violent that he made a hole in the paper. （ ）
- On July 14, , citizens of Paris stormed the Bastille, a fortress used as armory and political prison, in an attempt to secure gunpowder and weapons. （ ）
- In 1632, at the Battle of Lützen in Saxony, the Danish King Gustavus Adolphus was seriously wounded and died. （ ）
- The Thirty Years’ War ended by the Peace of Westphalia, which recognized the coexistence of the two religions in Europe, Protestant in the south, and Catholic in the north. （ ）
- The English Civil War, a series of armed conflicts between Parliamentarians and Royalists, started in 1642. （ ）
- In 1721, became the first Emperor of the Russian Empire. （ ）
- Galileo Galilei formulated a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than the Earth at the center of the universe. （ ）
- The Dutch Golden Age was a period in the history of the Netherlands; the Netherlands became the foremost maritime and economic power in the world. （ ）
- Who is often credited with being the “Father of Modern Philosophy?” （ ）
- The Peace of Augsburg, a treaty that officially granted states within the Holy Roman Empire the right to choose their official religion, was signed in . （ ）
- was an English military and political leader. In 1653, he dissolved the Rump Parliament and served as Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1653 until his death in 1658.
- The Peace of Westphalia, a series of peace treaties that ended the Thirty Years’ War, granted each prince the right to determine what of his own state. （ ）
- Who is regarded the “Universal Genius” and the “Renaissance Man”? （ ）
- In 1576, the mutinous Spanish troops sacked Antwerp, 7,000 people were slaughtered, and one third of the city was burned. This was called “the Spanish Fury.” （ ）
- The English Reformation led Henry VIII became the supreme head of the Church of England and owner of its vast wealth. （ ）
- “Bloody Mary” was the last monarch of the House of Tudor ruled from 1558 to1603. （ ）
- Renaissance means “rebirth” for an Italian cultural movement from 14 to 17th century. （ ）
- Italian Wars were a series of conflicts that involved most of the city-states of Italy, France, Spain, the Holy Roman Empire as well as the Ottoman Empire. （ ）
- Who was known as the “Father of Humanism” and the “Father of the Renaissance”? （ ）
- The motive of the western explorers during the Age of Discovery can be summarized in three words: , God, and Glory. （ ）
- Henry IV issued an edict that upheld 's position as the established religion of France, which ended the war and brought peace to the country. （ ）
- Which city was the center of Renaissance culture, one of the wealthiest cities in Europe? （ ）
- Which king launched the Hundred Years’ War (1346-1453)? He was from the House of Plantagenet and he transformed England into one of the most formidable military powers in Europe. （ ）
- Most historians regard the coronation of in 987 as the beginnings of modern France, and he was the first King of modern France. （ ）
- In 1356, Charles IV issued the Golden Bull, explicitly named the seven Prince-electors who were to choose the German King and the future Holy Roman Emperor. （ ）
- Who was the first king of the House of Valois? （ ）
- __________was an Italian poet, his epic poem The Divine Comedy is the most important poem of the Middle Ages and the greatest literary work in the Italian language. （ ）
- Charlemagne was known as the “Father of Europe.” （ ）
- The English victory marked the end of the Hundred Years’ War. （ ）
- Who was the first Norman King of England? （ ）
- Charles IV was from the House of Habsburg. （ ）
- Britain was conquered by Romans in 43 ad and it became the Roman province of Britannia until the early 5th century. （ ）
- The Bible is the holy book of Christianity. The second part of it is the New Testament, written in the common Roman language, deals with the life and teachings of Jesus Christ as well as events in the first-century Christianity. （ ）
- The Pax Romana in Latin means “_____________.” （ ）
- The Ottoman Empire conquered Constantinople in 1553. （ ）
- Who was traditionally counted as the first Bishop of Rome or Pope. （ ）
- The Byzantine Empire was the Hellenistic world, from the early 6th century became the official language.（ ）
- Octavian died in 14 ad at the age of 75. The period he ruled called the ____________ age. （ ）
- Which emperor’s death in 180 ad marked the end of the 200-year Pax Romana? （ ）
- The Italian Renaissance political philosopher Machiavelli called the first five emperors of the Nerva–Antonine Dynasty Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius and Marcus Aurelius “Five Good Emperors.” （ ）
- While on military campaigns between 170 and 180, ____________ wrote his book Meditations in Greek as a source for his own guidance and self-improvement. （ ）
- On the third day after the death of Jesus Christ came the Crucifixion, he came back to life. （ ）
- The historical event of Rape of Lucretia marked the end of the Roman Kingdom and the start of the Roman Republic. （ ）
- Roman epic The Aeneid was written by . （ ）
- In 60 BC, Pompey joined Crassus and Julius Caesar in the military-political alliance, which wasknown as the Triumvirate, Triumvirate in Latin means “three men.” （ ）
- The Roman Triumph was a ceremony to celebrate the success of a military commander who had led Roman army to great victory. （ ）
- Marius allied with the Plebeian Tribune Sulpicius Rufus, forced the Senate passing a bill transferring the command from Sulla to Marius. Sulla refused and marched his six legions of 35,000 men on Rome, and then Marius fled to Afirca. （ ）
- In the late Republic, there were two factions in the political arena. One faction was a group of politicians called the , meaning “the best ones.” （ ）
- Optimates wanted to strengthen the power of the Plebeian Assembly and Plebeian Tribune. （ ）
- The Society of the Roman Republic is highly hierarchical, the ruling class is Plebeians. （ ）
- Who was declared an enemy of the state by the Second Triumvirate and was executed in 43 bc? （ ）
- The Punic Wars were a series of wars fought between the Roman Republic and Carthage. （ ）
- Sophocles wrote a play named _______, which told us a sad story of the king of Thebes killed his father and married his mother. （ ）
- Roman politician Cicero called Herodotus “The Father of History,” and his book The History was the founding work of history in the West. （ ）
- Who is the founder of the Academy in Athens, the first school of higher learning in the Western world? （ ）
- In 371bc, Sparta invaded Thebes but lost the war. Next year Thebes invaded the Peloponnesus. They first took Messenia, the source of Spartan wealth, and then conquered Sparta, destroyed its military power. Sparta never recovered and Thebes filled the power vacuum left by Sparta. （ ）
- In ancient Greece, hegemony means the political and military dominance of a city-state over other city-states rather than a derogatory term in the Chinese translation, which means to bully or to be a tyrant, but in English, it has no negative meaning. （ ）
- Thucydides wrote, “What made war inevitable was the growth of Athenian power and the fear which this caused in Sparta.” Based on this comment, a Harvard professor Graham Allison coined the phrase “Thucydides Problem” to refer to when a rising power caused fear in an established power, confrontation or war would eventually happen.
- In the Hellenistic world, Greek culture dominated only in Greece and Macedonia not in Egypt and west Asia. （ ）
- Alexander the Great died in _____ bc, which marked the end of Classical Greece and the beginning of the Hellenistic Greece. （ ）
- The 5th century bc of Athens called the Golden Age of Athens when Athens became the super power with political and economic hegemony, and one reason of this was that Athens had a great leader ______. （ ）
- Alexander the Great was taught by Plato and he is widely considered as one of the most successful military commanders in the history and never lost in battle. （ ）
- In 594 bc, a merchant _____ was given the right to create a new constitution and his reforms laid the foundations for Athenian democracy. （ ）
- Walking Stick Dependency Syndrome means you rely too much on Chinese to understand English, like walking with a stick. （ ）
- One of the pillars of Chinese foreign policy today is President Xi’s initiative of Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind. （ ）
- In 490 BC, Persians invaded Greece but the Athenians defeated the Persians at the Battle of Thermopylae. （ ）
- Greece is located at the crossroads of Europe, Africa and Asia. It is on the southern tip of the Balkan Peninsula. What is the name of the sea to the east? （ ）
- There were many city-states in the Archaic Greece. The three famous city-states are Corinth, Sparta and Athens.
- With population increase and urbanization, Greek polis (city-states) emerged. For purpose of defense, many city-states construct a kind of building to protect the city. What is the building? （ ）
- In Delphi, all Greeks go to a temple of a god for oracles and they asked the god for advice or prophecy. A priestess would give an answer on behalf of the god, which called an oracle. Who is the god? （ ）
- Dionysus is the son of Zeus, God of wine, festivity, ecstasy and madness, patron god of the art of theatre. （ ）
- In 510 bc, “the father of Athenian democracy” Socrates reformed the Athenian constitution and made Athens a democratic state. （ ）
- Who has put forwarded the theory that cultural and religious identities will be the primary sources of conflict in the post-Cold War world, and there would be two major Clashes? （ ）
- One of the founders of Western philosophy once said, “I know one thing that I know nothing.” Who is the man? （ ）
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答案:对
答案:错
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答案:错
答案:对
答案:错
答案:对
答案:错
答案:对
答案:对
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