吉林医药学院
- Glycogen synthesis requires the following conditions（ ）
- Which of the following changes will affect the initial linear velocity of the enzyme catalyzed reaction?（ ）
- The liver regulates the blood sugar concentration（ ）
- The enzyme that needs vitamin B2 as a coenzyme component is（ ）
- What are the important functions of glutamate in protein metabolism?（ ）
- The following organizations have strong glycolysis（ ）
- The enzymes required to catalyze the combined deamination of amino acids are（ ）
- The main forms of transport of ammonia between tissues are（ ）
- Which of the following substances are both the decomposition products of glucose and the raw materials of gluconeogenesis?（ ）
- Allosteric inhibitors of 6-phosphofructokinase-1 are（ ）
- Amino acid residues that provide the necessary enzyme groups are（ ）
- What are the correct statements about pepsin?（ ）
- Enzymes have the following characteristics compared to general catalysts（ ）
- Metal ions as enzyme cofactors, their role is（ ）
- Habitus that competitively inhibit the following enzymatic reactions are（ ）
- The hydrogen donors of the succinic acid oxidized respiratory chain are（ ）
- The sugar metabolism pathways carried out in the cytosol throughout the process are（ ）
- The pentose phosphate pathway is enhanced in（ ）
- Which of the following enzymes work in both anaerobic and sugar gluconeogenesis?（ ）
- The original enzyme that can be activated by trypsin（ ）
- A research was studing oxidative phosphorylation in a suspention of carefully washed and isolated mitochondria .ATP ,ADP ,inorganic phosphate ,lactate ,lactate dehydrogenase ,and oxygen were introduced to the suspension ,and he was able to demonstrate ATP production within the mitochondria.The researchwe then added oligomycin to the mixture ,which stopped oxygen uptake.This occurred due to which of the following?
- A pair of farm workers in Mexico was spraying pesticide on crops when they both developed the following severe symptoms :heavy ,labored breathing, significantly elevated temperature , and loss of consciousness . The pesticide contained an agent that intertered with oxidative phosphorylation , which most closely resembled which of the following known inhibitors?
- The specificity or strigency of a PCR reaction can be controlled by altering the reaction
- There are many kinds of high-energy phosphate compounds in the body, and the most involved in various energy supply reactions are
- The linkage between nucleotides is（ ）
- Vitamin A deficiency may occur
- （ ）are the vehicles of transport of endogenous triacylglycerols from the liver to the extrahepatic tissues.
- In the following peptide, which amino acid is the N-terminus? Phe-Ala-Gly-Arg
- Malonic acid inhibits succinate dehydrogenase, which is a kind of
- The direct supplier of energy in the human body is：
- Electrons are transported in the following ways, which can be coupled with phosphorylation?
- Which of the following is a vitamin containing metallic elements?
- Ammonia is a nitrogenous waste product of protein metabolism, and is harmful especially in high concentrations in the human body. Urea cycle is a means to detoxify and to prevent the accumulation of ammonia in the body by converting it to urea, and eventually excreted in the urine. How many moles of nitrogen enter the urea cycle in every turn?"
- β-oxidation of fatty acids occurs on activated fatty acids (fatty acyl CoA). After each set of reactions, the fatty acid chain is reduced by two carbons. These leave in the form of acetyl CoA. Why is this important?
- In comparing the α-helix to the β-sheet, which statement is correct only for theβ-sheet?
- Which does not transmit electrons in mitochondria ?
- The tissue which used salvage synthesis pathway as the main pathway to synthesize the purine nucleotides
- The direction of nucleic acid is
- Anaerobiosis leads to lactate formation in muscle due to which one of the following?
- Which is correct about the relationship between pH and the rate of enzymatic reaction?
- The net gain per molecule of stearic acid oxidation is ATPs
- Which disease is mainly caused by misfolded protein?
- The status of nitrogen balance in pregnant women is as follows:
- The source of the two nitrogen atoms in the pyrimidine ring
- The descriptions of metabolic changes when the body is in the hunger state are as follows, which one is wrong?
- Which of the following enzymes is unnecessary for DNA replication?
- The active form of Vitamin D is（ ）
- In an enzyme molecule, which part can convert substrate into product?
- The pathway for mature red blood cells to obtain NADPH is ( )
- Which one of the following reaction is unique to gluconeogenesis?
- The description of the secondary structure of DNA double helix are correct, EXCEPT:
- Nucleic acids with a large proportion of rare bases are:
- Which do not participate in constitutes DNA?
- Which of the following is correct in describing the isoelectric point of proteins?
- In muscle, under anaerobic conditions ,the net synthesis of ATP starting from one mole of glucose derived from muscle glucoseis which one of the following?
- The first step in the catabolism of most amino acids is
- In the synthesis of urea, one N come from NH3, which of the following amino acid provide another N for urea?
- The melting temperature (Tm) is defined as
- The electron transport chain is made up of four segments (Complexes I-IV with O2 as the final electron acceptor). Which statement best describes the electron transport chain?
- The energy yield from the complete oxidation of acetyl-CoA to carbon dioxide is which of the following in terms of high-energy bonds formed?
A:Requires glycogen synthase B:Requires glycogen primers C:Requires UTP D:Requires ATP
答案:Requires glycogen primers###Requires UTP###Requires glycogen synthase###Requires ATP
A:Temperature B:Substrate concentration [S] C:pH D:Time E:Enzyme concentration
答案:pH###Enzyme concentration###Temperature###Substrate concentration [S]
A:gluconeogenesis B:Glycogen synthesis C:glycolysis D:Glycogen decomposition E:Aerobic oxidation of sugar
答案:Glycogen synthesis###Glycogen decomposition###glycolysis###Aerobic oxidation of sugar###gluconeogenesis
A:ester acyl-CoA dehydrogenase B:Pyruvate dehydrogenase system C:L-amino acid oxidase D:Malate dehydrogenase E:β-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase
答案:ester acyl-CoA dehydrogenase###Pyruvate dehydrogenase system###L-amino acid oxidase
A:Participation in the purine nucleotide cycle B:Participation in the storage and transport of ammonia C:Participation in urea synthesis D:Participation in the synthesis of γ-amino butyric acid E:Participate in deamination
答案:Participation in the purine nucleotide cycle###Participation in the synthesis of γ-amino butyric acid###Participate in deamination###Participation in urea synthesis
A:Brain B:Retina C:Red blood cells D:Liver E:Testicles
答案:Testicles###Retina###Red blood cells
A:Aminotransferase B:L-glutamate dehydrogenase C:D-amino acid oxidase D:glutaminase E:L-amino acid oxidase
答案:L-glutamate dehydrogenase###Aminotransferase
A:Glutamine B:NH4Cl C:Urea D:Alanine
答案:Glutamine###Alanine
A:Pyruvate B:glutamine acid C:Lactic acid D:Glycerin E:Acetyl CoA
答案:Pyruvate
A:Citric acid B:ATP C:1,6-diphosphate fructose D:AMP E:ADP
A:histidine B:Cysteine C:Proline D:Serine E:glycine
A:Pepsinogen can be activated by trypsin B:pepsin is a binding enzyme C:Pepsin D:The optimum pH is 2.0 E:Pepsinogen can be activated by H+
A:It has extremely high catalytic efficiency and does not change the equilibrium of the reaction B:The enzyme itself did not change before and after the chemical reaction C:Its activity is regulated by many factors D:Strong specificity, an enzyme acts only on one or a class of substances, producing certain products E:The reaction conditions are mild and can be carried out under normal temperature and normal pressure
A:As a bridge connecting substrates and enzyme molecules B:Positive synergy C:Promoting the formation of covalent compounds between the substrate and the enzyme molecule D:As a component of the enzyme active center, transfer electrons E:Stabilizing enzyme molecular conformation
A:Inhibition of dehydrogenate reductase by methotrexate B:Inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase by malic acid C:Organophosphorus pesticides inhibit acetylcholine D:Inhibition of cytochrome oxidase by CO E:5-fluorouracil inhibits thymidine synthase after in vivo changes
A:CoQ B:FMN C:FAD D:NAD+
A:Glycolysis B:gluconeogenesis C:Tricarboxylic acid cycle D:pentose phosphate pathway E:Glycogen synthesis
A:When fat synthesis is enhanced B:When gluconeogenesis is enhanced C:When nucleic acid synthesis is enhanced D:When the foreign oxidant consumes a large amount of reducing GSH E:When you are hungry
A:Aldolase B:Phosphoglycerate kinase C:Hexokinase D:6-phosphofructokinase-1 E:Pyruvate carboxylase
A:pepsinogen B:Trypsinogen C:Prothrombin D:Carboxyl peptidase A E:chymotrypsinogen
A:Inhibition of complexⅢ B:Inhibition of complexⅣ C:Inhibition of complexⅠ D:Inhibition of complexⅡ E:Inhibition of the proton translocating ATPase
A:Dinitrophenol B:Cyanide C:CO D:Atractyloside E:Oligomycin
A:All B:None C:temperature and salt concentration D:target sequence E:volume
A:GTP B:UTP C:Creatine phosphate D:PEP E:ATP
A:2’,-5’ phosphodiester bond B:Peptide bond C:Hydrogen bond D:3’,-5’ phosphodiester bond E:2’,-3’ phosphodiester bond
A:Cataract B:Chondropathy C:Albinism D:Night blindness E:Color blindness
A:VLDL B:LDL C:IDL D:HDL E:CM
A:None B:Ala C:Phe D:Phe and Arg E:Arg
A:Feedback Inhibition B:Non-Competitive Inhibition C:Irreversible Inhibition D:Uncompetitive Inhibition E:Competitive Inhibition
A:fatty acid B:Creatine phosphate C:ATP D:glucose E:GTP
A:Succinate→FAD B:Co Q→Cyt b C:Cyt aa3→1/2O2 D:None is true. E:Cyt c→Cyt aa3
A:Vitamin B1 B:Vitamin B6 C:Vitamin B2 D:Vitamin B12 E:Vitamin C
A:0 B:2 C:3 D:1 E:6
A:Acetyl CoA is further metabolized into acetate B:Acetyl CoA formed ketone C:Acetyl CoA used as a cholesterol precurso D:Acetyl CoA recycles back into β- oxidation E:Acetyl CoA goes on to further oxidation in the citric acid cycle.
A:It may be found in supersecondary structures. B:It may be found in typical globular proteins. C:It is an example of secondary structure. D:Extensive hydrogen bonds between the carbonyl oxygen (C=O) and the amide hydrogen (N-H) of the peptide bond are formed. E:It is stabilized by interchain hydrogen bonds.
A:Cytc1 B:Cytb C:CytP450 D:Cytaa3 E:Cytc
A:skeletal muscle B:bone marrow C:cardiac muscle D:liver E:kidney
A:From 5’ to 3’ B:From N to C C:None D:From C to N E:From 3’ to 5’
A:Providing substrate for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase B:Inhibiting pyruvate kinase by pyruvate C:Inhibiting phosphofructokinase-1 by AMP D:Providing 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate for the phosphoglyceromutase reaction E:Inhibiting hexokinase by glucose-6-phosphate
A:pH value has little effect on enzymatic reaction B:pH value affects the degree of dissociation of the enzyme C:The optimum pH of the enzyme was 7.4 D:The optimum pH is the only characteristic constant of the enzyme E:pH value is proportional to the reaction rate
A:108 B:120 C:122 D:128 E:106
A:xeroderma pigmentosum B:Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy C:Sickle anemia s D:β-thalassemia E:Diabetes
A:None is true B:intake of nitrogen = exhaust of nitrogen C:nitrogen intake < exhaust of nitrogen D:nitrogen intake ≤ nitrogen loss E:nitrogen intake > nitrogen output
A:Gln and NH3 B:Glu and Carbamoyl phosphate C:Gln and Asn D:Gln and Glu E:Asp and Carbamoyl phosphate
A:Formation of ketone body be increased B:fat mobilization be increased C:Muscle tissue protein decomposition be increased D:Tissues increased the use of glucose E:gluconeogenesis be enhanced
A:Topoisomerases B:Restriction endonuclease C:helicases D:DNA-dependent DNA polymerase E:DNA ligase
A:25-(OH)D3 B:24,25-(OH)2D3 C:1,25-(OH)2D3 D:1,24,25-(OH)3D3
A:binding group B:essential group C:hydrophobic group D:catalytic group E:hydrophilic group
A:tricarboxylic acid cycle B:gluconeogenesis C:pentose phosphate pathway D:β-oxidation of fatty acid E:glycolysis
A:Glucose-6-phosphate→glucose B:1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate→3-phosphoglycerate C:Lactate→pyruvate D:Oxaloacetate→phosphoenolpyruvate E:Phosphoenolpyruvate→pyruvate
A:Nucleosome is the structure unit of DNA double helix B:Deoxyribose-phosphate frame located outside the strands C:Diameter of helix is 2 nm, and 10 bases in each turn D:Two strands are joined by hydrogen bond formed between A-T and G-C E:Two antiparallel strands
A:tRNA B:Mitochondrial DNA C:rRNA D:mRNA E:Nuclear DNA
A:dGMP B:dUMP C:dTMP D:dCMP E:dAMP
A:Different proteins have the same isoelectric point B:Protein will denaturate and precipitate at isoelectric point C:The net charge of protein molecule at isoelectric point is zero D:The stability of proteins increases at isoelectric point E:The isoelectric point of a protein is independent of the number of basic amino acids it contains.
A:1 mole of ATP B:2 moles of ATP C:5 moles of ATP D:4 moles of ATP E:3 moles of ATP
A:Zymogen cleavage B:Enzymatic hydrolysis of peptide bonds C:Catabolism of the carbon skeleton2 D:Removal of the amino group - E:Removal of carboxylate groups -
A:Pro B:Glu C:Phe D:Lys E:Asp
A:the temperature when A280 reaches at 50% maximum B:the temperature when A260 reaches at 50% maximum change C:The temperature at which DNA begins to unwind the double strands D:the temperature when A260 reaches its maximum E:the temperature when DNA dissociate into two single-stranded DNA completely
A:Each component involves a phosphorylation step. B:Each complex directly transfers electrons to O C:Electrons flow down the potetial difference from one carrier to the next. D:Every complex has an Fe-S cluster. E:FADH2 chain is the main main to produce H2O
A:10 B:6 C:12 D:8 E:14
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