哈尔滨工业大学
- The surface layer of nanofiltration membrane is much denser than that of RO membrane, but it is much looser than that of UF membrane. ( )
- Activated carbon can be sorted into GAC and PAC according to their particle sizes. ( )
- Intermediate oxidation is usually located after precipitation or filtration, and ozone, ultraviolet, chlorine dioxide can be used. ( )
- Free chlorine includes Cl2, HOCl, and OCI-, and the effect of free chlorine disinfection is much higher than that of compound chlorine, but less sustainable. ( )
- In mechanically accelerated clarifier, the flow of recycled sludge is four to five times the value of the influent. ( )
- Hydrophobic particles can attach to the air bubble more tightly. Therefore, air flotation is suitable for the removal of hydrophobic particles. ( )
- Besides drinking water disinfection, chlorine dioxide can also be applied for sewage treatment. ( )
- Coagulation and filtration cannot sufficiently remove the pathogenic microorganisms in raw water. ( )
- In the reverse osmosis process, water passes through the membrane from the low concentration side to the high concentration side. ( )
- In air flotation process, the smaller bubble can always result in better performance. ( )
- Hydroxyl radical oxidation is selective towards certain pollutants. ( )
- Wet oxidation regeneration needs high temperature and pressure. （ ）
- The main process of water self-purification is to oxidize and decompose the organic matter through chemical and biological action, and the self-purification capacity of water is usually unlimited. ( )
- Screening effect is the only mechanism during the entire filtration process. ( )
- Organics in surface water are the primary reason of the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs). ( )
- Adsorbent is the substance onto which the adsorbate is accumulated, and it can be solid, liquid or gas.（ ）
- Adsorption can be sorted into physical adsorption and chemical adsorption, and both of them are nonselective. ( )
- Slow sand filter needs backwash after running for a long time. ( )
- The control strategies of membrane fouling include pretreatment of the feed streams, chemical modification of membrane and optimization of the operational conditions. ( )
- The dosage of chlorine is determined according to the requirement that 0.05 mg/L residual chlorine should be remained at the end of the water plant (GB5749-2006). ( )
- Large membrane pore size usually leads to a high permeate flux. Narrow pore size distribution usually results in a low selectivity. ( )
- Ions can dissolve in liquid water because of ion-dipole bonds between ions and water. ( )
- Chemical cleaning is usually based on the degree of membrane fouling, using oxidant (sodium hypochlorite, etc.), acid (hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, etc.), alkali (sodium hydroxide, etc.), complexing agent, surfactant, enzyme, detergent and other chemical cleaning agents to soak and clean the membrane. ( )
- All DBPs can be removed by boiling water. ( )
- Air floatation process can be applied to desalination. ( )
- The limitations of ozonation include：( )
- Coagulation operational indexes include ( ).
- The advantages of ozonation include：( )
- The functions of pre-oxidation include：( )
- Which of the following technologies can avoid generating disinfection by-products：( )
- According to the way of influent entering into the sedimentation tank, inclined tube/ plate sedimentation tank can be classified into ( ) .
- The main reasons for the decrease of membrane flux are ( ).
- The equipment in mechanically accelerated clarifier does not include ( ).
- The main characteristics of V-shaped filter include ( ).
- The removal mechanisms of suspended particles in the filter include ( ).
- The methods to reduce the effect of density current of turbid water include ( ).
- The slow sand filtration usually has two working stages, including ( ).
- Velocity gradient can be generated by ( ).
- The purification mechanisms of ultrafiltration membrane include ( ).
- Which one(s) belong(s) to sludge reflux clarifier ( ).
- In recent years, ( ) has played an important role in seawater desalination.
- The salt content in seawater is mainly: ( )
- The included angle between inclined tube/plate and horizontal plane is usually ( ).
- The adsorption kinetics of powdered activated carbon (PAC) is (), and it is () to regenerate. The adsorption kinetics of granular activated carbon (GAC) is (), and it is () to regenerate.（ ）
- Which of the following statement is false about the regeneration of activated carbon：（ ）
- Which of the following statement is false about the toxicity of disinfection by-products：( )
- Which of the following item is not the usual feature of river water: ( )
- The pore size range of ultrafiltration membrane is ( ).
- Which of the following statement is false about the characteristics and application of activated carbon：（ ）
- How many valves should be switched on in conventional rapid filter during the filtration period and backwashing period, respectively. ( )
A:错 B:对
答案:A:错
A:错 B:对
答案:对
A:对 B:错
答案:错
A:对 B:错
答案:对
A:错 B:对
答案:对
A:对 B:错
答案:对
A:错 B:对
答案:对
A:对 B:错
答案:A: 对
A:错 B:对
答案:错
A:错 B:对
A:错 B:对
A:错 B:对
A:错 B:对
A:错 B:对
A:错 B:对
A:对 B:错
A:对 B:错
A:错 B:对
A:对 B:错
A:错 B:对
A:错 B:对
A:对 B:错
A:错 B:对
A:错 B:对
A:对 B:错
A:Generate bromate and bromo trihalomethane.
B:Cannot oxide or remove some persistent organic pollutants when used alone.
C:High operating cost.
D:If ozone is excessively dosed, it will have negative effect on coagulation.
A:GTCV value
B:GT value
C:G value
D:GCV value
A:Control disinfection by-products (DBPs).
B:Remove pollutants that cannot be easily removed through traditional methods.
C:Strong oxidation capacity and decolorization ability.
D:Coagulation aid.
A:Remove odor compounds, plankton, color, etc.
B:Destroy the precursors of disinfection by-products.
C:Alleviate organism.
D:Enhance coagulation.
A:Membrane filtration
B:Ozone pre-oxidation
C:Adsorption
D:Air floatation
A:oblique flow
B:upward flow
C:downward (parallel) flow
D:horizontal (side) flow
A:Membrane injury
B:Membrane aging
C:Membrane fouling
D:Concentration polarization
A:vane
B:vacuum pump
C:sludge discharge pipe
D:water jet
A:It can use a thick filter layer with coarse filter media to extend the filtration cycle
B:Gas and liquid backwash are applied, combined with the transverse surface cleaning, which greatly reduces the amount of backwash water
C:It is easy to realize automatic filtration and backwash
D:High backwash efficiency with small amount of clean water can be achieved
A:Mechanism of migration
B:Mechanism of stripping
C:Mechanisms of adsorption and contact flocculation
D:Mechanism of screening
A:installing perforated wall on the influent zone
B:increasing horizontal flow velocity
C:increasing vertical grids in sedimentation zone
D:decreasing depth of tank
A:the aging period
B:the filtration period
C:the backwash period
D:mature period of the filter layer
A:Mechanical mixing
B:Brownian motion of water molecules
C:Decrease of water temperature
D:Consumption of the potential energy of water (i.e. water head)
A:Biological degradation
B:Chemical reaction
C:Physical rejection
D:Adsorption bridging
A:mechanically accelerated clarifier
B:bell-jar pulse clarification tank
C:vacuum pulse clarification tank
D:hydraulic circulating clarifier
A:Nanofiltration membrane
B:Microfiltration membrane
C:Ultrafiltration membrane
D:Reverse osmosis membrane
A:
NaCl
B:CaSO4
C:NaBr
D:MgCl2
A:30°
B:75°
C:60°
D:45°
A:slow; easier; slow; more difficult
B:slow; easier; fast; more difficult
C:fast; more difficult; fast; easier
D:fast; more difficult; slow; easier
A:Physical regeneration——microwave and ultrasonic wave.
B:Biological regeneration——in-situ regeneration, low cost but slow.
C:Chemical regeneration——decrease pH, organic solvent extraction and oxidation.
D:The activated carbon in drinking water treatment can be reused in wastewater treatment.
A:Halogenated DBPs＞Non-halogenated DBPs (except nitrosamines)
B:The toxicity of halogenated disinfection by-products increases with the decrease of atomic number
C:N-DBP＞C-DBP
D:Emerging DBPs＞Conventional DBPs
A:Low salinity
B:High turbidity
C:Stable water quality
D:Low hardness
A:0.1-10 mm
B:10-100 nm
C:0.5-5 nm
D:0.1 nm
A:Activated carbon has well-developed pore structure.
B:Acidic groups on activated carbon such as carboxyl groups can easily adsorb polar compounds, but restrain the adsorption of nonpolar ones.
C:Iodine value can represent the adsorption capacity for small molecules, while molasses value can represent the adsorption capacity for large molecules.
D:Generally, the powered activated carbon is used for adsorption columns and the granular activated carbon is used for batch reactor.
A:2；2
B:1；3
C:3；2
D:2；3
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