植物生态学：理论、方法与进展答案2023

第十章测试

1.Which feature is not recognized as s of old-growth forests :（ ）。
A:state-state growth rate (not changes frequently in different year)
B:Pit and mount in forest floor, with coarse woody debris(following down trees)
C:Inverse-J diameter distribution
D:Uneven-aged
E:pure forests with one species as dominant tree
F:Many old and large trees
G:standing dead trees(sangs cavities wildlife habitat) and diverse structure (canopy gaps)

答案:E
2.Deforestation era after European settlements caused how much percentage old forests losses in the USA。（ ）
A:90%
B:10% C:20% D:50% 3.Main drivers for forest dynamics include。（ ）
A:Forest health B:disturbance(nature and human) C:climate
D:forest succession 4.Ecosystems services provided by forests included:（ ）。
A:food and wildlife habitat
B:Pollination，nutrient cycling and primary production
C:Recreation, aesthetics and spiritual health
D:climate control and CO2 uptake;
E:Timber and Fiber
F:erosion control, flood control and water cycling
5.In the US, aboriginal man used fire for what kind reason?（ ）
A:feed and drive game（drive animal run in a certain direction）
B:mproving gazing
C:Rituals
D:clear underbrush
E:increase seeds, berries, nuts
F:combat insects; 6.Most of the US has fire-adapted forests/vegetation。（ ）
A:错 B:对 7.In the history of US, wild-fire ignition sources are from lightning (100/sec), but not from native aboriginal man.（ ）
A:对 B:错 8.欧洲人定居美洲后，火灾数量大量增加，因为他们喜欢野炊。（ ）
A:对 B:错 9.研究火灾历史可以使用火烧疤（fire scar），但是不能使用湖底沉积物（lake sediment）的方法。（ ）
A:对 B:错 10.美国东部森林里面鹿的描述正确的是：（ ）
A:鹿的密度正合适
B:平均鹿的密度大于20只/平方英里，非常漂亮吸引了游客，有助于森林多样性的保护
C:鹿的密度太大了，甚至影响了树木的更新
D:尽管平均鹿的密度很大，人们打猎已经成功控制其影响