中国文化英语_智慧树知到答案2021年

第一章 儒家关于自然与人的思想Confucian Thought on Heaven and Humanity：Confucius(551-479 BC) was called Kongzi respectfully, his given name was Qiu and his alias Zhongni;He lived in the state of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period;He was a great thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism.Confucius was an ancient sage to Chinese people. His words and life story were recorded by his disciples and their students in The Analects.1.1智慧与信仰 Wisdom and Beliefs:中国文化的三个主要特点:1、人与自然的和谐关系。（Harmonious relationship between human and nature）2、人与人的和谐关系。（Harmonious human relationships.）3、强调自省。（Self-reflection. ）
1.2儒家思想 An Introduction of Confucius and Confucianism:孔子和儒家思想简介An introduction to Confucius and Confucianism
1.3孔子关于天的思想 Confucius on Heaven:孔子关于天的思想：天是自然之天。 Confucius on Heaven: the Source of Everything.
1.4孔子关于人的思想：仁 Confucius on People: Ren:“仁”就是“爱人”，爱人要从爱父母开始，“仁”的核心就是“孝悌”。“Ren” is “love people and it is universal love begin with the love for one's parents. The essence of“Ren” is filial pietyand fraternal duty.
1.5孔子关于人的思想：礼 Confucius on People: li:礼是指社会生活中的礼仪、传统和行为规范。最重要的礼仪是埋葬的礼仪和敬祖的礼仪。“礼”建立的目的是维护社会秩序，稳定和和谐。“Li”refers to rituals, traditions and norms in social life. Confucius regards burial rituals and ancestral worship rituals as the most important.
1.6孔子关于人生活状态的思想 Confucius on the State of Life:孔子是中国历史上第一个开办私塾的人，他认为教育的根本目的是培养有德行的人，有德之人要有崇高的品格和高尚的情操，要能承担社会责任和为社会做贡献，但是生活的最高境界是人与自然的和谐，人与人的和谐。Confucius on the State of Life: Confucius was the first figure in Chinese history to initiate private education. He believed the basic goal of education was to cultivate persons of virtue, who should have sound character and uplifted minds. Such persons should be able to shoulder important social responsibilities and to make contributions to society.

[单选题]Confucius advocated “standing in awe of the ordinances of Heaven” and warned against offending Heaven. This is, in essence, equivalent to the modern idea of staying in harmony with nature. So in this way Confucius’ concept of Heaven is similar to the modern ecological civilization. 

选项:[对, 错]
[单选题]Confucius interpreted ren as love of people, which begins with the love for oneself. 

选项:[错, 对]
[单选题]Persons of virtue are supposed to have sound character and uplifted minds and they can shoulder important social responsibilities and make contributions to society. 

选项:[对, 错]
[单选题]As the natural process of creation of life, _______ was the source of all living things and the source of all values. 

选项:[God , Heaven, Gene, Human beings]
[单选题]Which of the following can best describe Confucius’ view on the relationship between man and nature/Heaven? 

选项:[Mother and son., Brothers. , Husband and wife., Doctor and patient.]
[单选题]The Analects is mainly about Confucius’ words and life story. 

选项:[错, 对]
[单选题]Generally, Confucius regarded “Heaven” as _________ . 

选项:[father, highest , nature , mother]
[多选题]Confucius, known in China as Kongzi, given name _____ and alias _______, was a native of ______ . 

选项:[Zhongni, Qiu , Zouyi, Kongqiu]
[单选题]Which of the following is the most important part of Confucius’ curriculum? 

选项:[Calligraphy, Mathematics, Virtue, Music.]
[多选题]Confucius believed the basic goal of education was to cultivate “persons of virtue，” who should have __________ and _____________. 

选项:[sound character, uplifted minds , responsibility, good mood ]
[多选题]The Analects has influenced all _______, ________ and _________ in the over 2,000-year-long history of China after Confucius. 

选项:[soldiers, politicians, thinkers , writers  ]