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英美文学小史
- Which is written by Alexander Pope? （ ）
- There is a good reason to state that New England Transcendentalism was actually ________ on the Puritan soil. （ ）
- In 1836, a little book entitled ________ written by Ralph Waldo Emerson came out which made a tremendous impact on the intellectual life of America. （ ）
- “American Shakespeare” refers to ________. （ ）
- Which book is NOT written by Jane Austen? （ ）
- In William Faulkner's The Sound and the Fury, he used a technique called ________ in which the whole story was told through the thoughts of one character. （ ）
In his poems, Walt Whitman sang praise of all of the following values EXCEPT ________. （ ）
- As a philosophical and literary movement, ________ flourished in New England from the 1830s to the Civil War. （ ）
- Thomas Hardy’s novels are generally set in a fictional southern England region called __________. （ ）
- Which of the following works is not of William Makepeace Thackeray? （ ）
- Although ________ derived inspiration from the rich legacy of Elizabethan verse, their poetry was in part a reaction against the stylized conventions of the sixteenth-century sonnet sequence. （ ）
- In the history of literature, Romanticism is generally regarded as ________. （ ）
- Which of the following writing is not the work by Charles Dickens? （ ）
- It was not until January 1776 that a widely heard public voice demanded complete separation from England. The voice was that of ________, whose pamphlet Common Sense, with its heated language , increased the growing demand for separation. （ ）
- American writers after World War I self-consciously acknowledged that they were (a) “_______”, devoid of faith and alienated from the Western civilization. （ ）
While embracing the socialism of Marx, Jack London also believed in the triumph of the strongest individuals. This contradiction is most vividly projected in the patently autobiographical ________. （ ）
- Jane Austen’s novels only cover the lives of the section of society to which she belongs: __________. （ ）
- In which of the following works, Hemingway presents his philosophy about life and death through depiction of the bull-fight as a kind of microcosmic tragedy? （ ）
- In 1837, Ralph Waldo Emerson made a speech entitled ________ at Harvard, which was hailed by Oliver Wendell Holmes as "Our intellectual Declaration of Independence". （ ）
- Choose the novel of the following Not written by F. Scott Fitzgerald. （ ）
- Transcendentalist doctrines found their greatest literary advocates in ________ and Henry David Thoreau. （ ）
- Both Joyce and Woolf incorporated the new ideas of psychology into their fiction, using the literary technique known as ________ to reflect a character’s free-flowing thoughts, feelings, and memories. （ ）
- Which of the following novels is the first stream of consciousness novel to appear in English literary history? （ ）
- Edgar Allan Poe’s ________ was an ingenious detective story and became the ancestor of the genre, influencing, among others, Conan Doyle. （ ）
- _______ usually was regarded as the first American writer. （ ）
- The period before the American Civil War is commonly referred to as ________. （ ）
- Which of the following cannot describe “Byronic hero”? （ ）
- As a Modernist poet, Ezra Pound is noted for his active involvement in the ________. （ ）
- A great event that shook the religious faith in Victorian age in Britain is __________. __________ expresses the poet’s melancholy view of the event. （ ）
- In American literature, the eighteen century was the age of the Enlightenment. ________ was the dominant spirit. （ ）
- Which terms can best describe the modernists concern of the human situation in their fiction? （ ）
- Which of the following works is Jane Austen’s? （ ）
- At the Reason and Revolution Period, Americans were influenced by the European movement called the ________. （ ）
- _______provides the main source of influence on American naturalism. （ ）
Which of the following can’ t be included in the critical realists of the Victorian Period? （）
- Chinese poetry and philosophy have exerted great influence over ________. （ ）
- The Transcendentalists believe that, first , nature is ennobling and second, the individual is ________. （ ）
- Romanticism emphasizes __________. （ ）
- The genre of the historical novel is fathered by __________. （ ）
- ________ is a historical term that refers to a literary and artistic movement that developed in the early 1900s and continued throughout the 1940s. （ ）
- The Pilgrim’s Progress is ________. （ ）
- Henry James experimented with different themes in his literary career, the most influential one being _________. （ ）
- It is on his ________ that Washington Irving's fame mainly rested. （ ）
- Which of the following is NOT one of the main ideas advocated by Ralph Waldo Emerson , the chief spokesman of American Romanticism? （ ）
- In Henry James’ Daisy Miller, the author tries to portray the young woman as an embodiment of _________. （ ）
In American literature, escaping from the society and returning to nature is a common subject. Which of the following titles are related? （ ）
- Which of the following is (are) the typical feature(s) of Henry James' writing style? （ ）
- Which of the following statement about Franklin is (are) true? （ ）
- Wordsworth and Coleridge, among many others, responded to the ideals of “________, ________, ________”of French Revolution and were infused with enthusiasm for the revolutionary cause. （ ）
- The characteristics of English ballads include: _______. （ ）
- Traditional sonnets have fourteen lines, each of which is written in iambic pentameter. （ ）
- Romantic writers did share two important attitudes. They valued imagination and feeling over intellect and reason. （ ）
Baron, Shelley and Keats are usually referred to as the second generation of Romantic poets because they shared similar attitude toward life and art. （ ）
- Folk ballads, which usually recount an exciting or dramatic episode, were passed down by word of mouth for generations before being written down. （ ）
- Walt Whitman and Emily Dickinson explored their emotions through poetry that broke with traditional themes and forms. （ ）
- Defoe applied his journalistic method to fiction when writing Robinson Crusoe. （ ）
- Romantic works are filled with moderation and social cohesion rather than with exotic extremes, whimsy and caprice, nightmares and visions, innocent children, lone wanderers, and quests after the unattainable. （ ）
- Hardy’s “self-taught” style gave his writing a stern, authentic voice—a voice that captured the mood of the late Victorian age without pandering to the literary fashions of the time. （ ）
- After the Norman Conquest in 1066, England’s well-educated people needed to know three languages, however: French for dealing with the nobility or the courts; Latin for the church, business, and scholarship; and English for communication with the majority of the common people. （ ）
- Charlotte and Emily Brontë both created haunting backdrops in Jane Eyre and Wuthering Heights that echo the city London where they grew up. （ ）
A:The Essays B:Of Study C:The Aspects of Novel D:Essay on Criticism
答案:Essay on Criticism
A:Puritanism B:Romanticism C:Unitarianism D:Mysticism
答案:Unitarianism
A:Wealth B:The Transcendentalist C:Power D:Nature
答案:Nature
A:Eugene O’Neill B:Edward Elbee C:Elmer Rice D:Tennessee Williams
答案:Eugene O’Neill
A:Mansfield Park B:Emma C:Northanger Abbey D:Frankenstein
AI参考:正确答案是D:Frankenstein，根据题意《Frankenstein》不是Jane Austen写的。其它选项都是Jane Austen的作品。'
A:naturalism B:stream of consciousness C:imagism D:symbolism
答案:stream of consciousness
A:the idyllic way B:the brotherhood of man C:the dignity of the individual D:democracy
A:transcendentalism B:rationalism C:sentimentalism D:modernism
A:Greenwood B:Wessex C:Middlemarch D:The lake
AI参考:正确答案是B:Wessex。题目中说“Thomas Hardy的小说通常设置在虚构的南部英格兰地区叫做_____”，而根据题干中的提示“小说是虚构的”可以知道选项B是正确的答案。另外，关于四个选项的解释如下：A. Greenwood：绿林，指的是一个虚构的地区，但并不是Thomas Hardy小说中常出现的地区。C. Middlemarch：米德尔塞克斯，是英国中部的一个城市，不是小说中常见的虚构地区。D. The Lake：湖区，是一个真实的地区，但并不是小说中虚构的地区。因此，只有B选项“Wessex”是正确的答案。'
A:The Book of Snobs B:Vanity Fair C:The Mill of the Floss D:Pendennis
A:the metaphysical poets B:the university wits C:the humanists D:the neoclassical poets
AI参考:正确答案是【A:the metaphysical poets 】。这道题的关键是辨析作者的观点。尽管物理诗人从伊丽莎白时代的丰富遗产中得到了启示，但是他们的诗歌部分是针对16世纪情诗循环中的规范化传统的反叛。因此，正确答案是物理诗人（the metaphysical poets）。其他选项与题干中的描述不符。'
A:the orientation that emphasizes those features which men have in common. B:the thought that designates a literary and philosophical theory which tends to see the individual as the very center of all life and all experience. C:the thought that designates man as a social animal D:the modes of thinking
A:Sons and Lovers B:A Tale of Two Cities C:Oliver Twist D:Hard Times
AI参考:正确答案是A:Sons and Lovers。A项《儿子与情人》不是查尔斯·狄更斯的作品，而是英国小说家约翰·高尔斯华绥的作品。其他三项都是狄更斯的作品。B项《双城记》是狄更斯的作品。C项《雾都孤儿》是狄更斯的作品。D项《艰难时世》是狄更斯的作品。'
A:Thomas Jefferson B:Patrick Henry C:Thomas Paine D:George Washington
AI参考:答案：C解析：根据题干中的关键词“Public Voice”和“Pamphlet Common Sense”可知是托马斯·潘恩的著作《常识》引起了公众对脱离英国的呼声。故选C。'
A:Beat Generation B:Angry Young Men C:Sons of Liberty D:Lost Generation
A:The Sea Wolf B:The Iron Heel C:The Call of the Wilde D:Martin Eden
A:the middle-class B:the country gentry C:the upper-middle class D:the upper-class
A:The Green Hills of Africa B:To Have and Have Not C:Death in the Afternoon D:The Snows of Kilimanjaro
AI参考:正确答案是B:To Have and Have Not。海明威在《有钱人与没钱人》中通过斗牛表演的描绘，呈现了他对生死、命运等哲学思考，将斗牛表演视为一种微观悲剧。因此，答案为B。其他选项中，A选项《非洲绿色的山丘》是海明威早期作品，与生死哲学关系不大；C选项《午后之死》是一部有关西班牙斗牛士的作品，但不是关于生死哲学的作品；D选项《乞力马扎罗山的雪》与生死哲学没有直接关联。'
A:The American Scholar B:Divinity School Address C:Nature. D:Self- Reliance
A:The Great Gatsby B:The Sun Also Rises C:The Beautiful and the Damned D:Tender Is the Night
A:Philip Freneau B:Ralph Waldo Emerson C:Edgar Allan Poe D:Thomas Jefferson
A:expressionism B:stream of consciousness C:unity of effect D:montage
AI参考:B: stream of consciousness根据题目中的描述，乔伊斯和伍尔夫都将心理学的新观念融入他们的作品中，使用了被称为“流意识”的文学技巧来反映角色的自由流动的思想、情感和记忆。因此，选项B“流意识”是正确答案。其他选项中，expressionism是表现主义的意思，unity of effect是效果的统一性，montage是蒙太奇的意思，都不符合题目的描述。'
A:Finnegans Wake B:Mrs Dalloway C:Orlando D:Ulysses
AI参考:正确答案是D:Ulysses。《尤利西斯》是英语文学史上第一部意识流小说，而其他选项中的三部小说都是意识流文学的重要作品，但不是第一部。因此，答案为D。'
A:The Purloined Letter B:The Murders in the Rue Morgue C:The Gold Bug D:The Fall of the House of Usher
AI参考:正确答案是：B:The Murders in the Rue Morgue 。答案B符合题意：爱伦·坡的小说《The Murders in the Rue Morgue》（谋杀大街案）中的案件侦探推理严谨复杂，让人不寒而栗，富有启发性，它是各种惊险侦探小说的鼻祖，特别是对柯南·道尔的作品影响颇深。因此，本题答案为B。A选项《失窃的信》的故事情节过于简单，C选项《黄金虫》属于科幻小说，D选项《厄舍府的崩塌》更侧重于表现悲剧。所以这些选项与题干不符。这道题不需要分析推理，只需要根据所给选项和题干要求选择正确答案即可。'
A:William Bradford B:Anne Bradstreet C:Emily Dickinson D:Captain John Smith
AI参考:正确答案是C:Emily Dickinson。Emily Dickinson是19世纪美国最著名的女诗人之一，她的诗歌具有深刻的情感和丰富的想象力，经常被人们称为美国最伟大的诗人之一。因此，通常认为Emily Dickinson是第一个被视为美国作家的诗人。因此，答案为C。'
A:the Realistic Period B:the Romantic Period C:the Modern Period D:the Naturalist Period
A:proud B:optimistic C:energetic D:aloof
AI参考:D:aloof（孤傲的）不能描述“拜伦式英雄”。拜伦式英雄指的是一种具有忧郁、孤独、矛盾、狂暴等特征的文学形象，通常具有强烈的个性和独特的性格，同时又具有一种孤傲和冷漠的态度。因此，选项A（骄傲的）、B（乐观的）、C（精力充沛的）都可以描述拜伦式英雄的特征，而D（孤傲的）则不能。因此，正确答案是D。'
A:German Expressionism B:Imagist Movement C:cubist school of modern painting D:Stream-of-consciousness technique
AI参考:正确答案是B:Imagist Movement。根据题干中的信息，Ezra Pound作为一个现代主义诗人，他的作品和参与的运动有着紧密的关系。因此，需要找到一个符合这个条件并与诗歌有直接联系的运动。在这四个选项中，只有Imagist Movement（意象派运动）是与诗歌相关的现代主义运动。这个运动强调直接表达意象，追求表达清晰简洁和真实的感觉，与Pound的诗歌风格相吻合。因此，B选项是正确答案。A选项的German Expressionism（德国表现主义）更多地涉及绘画和雕塑，而不是诗歌；C选项的cubist school of modern painting（现代立体派）与绘画有关，而不是诗歌；D选项的Stream-of-consciousness technique（意识流技巧）通常用于小说和戏剧创作，与诗歌的关系并不直接。因此，这三个选项都与题目中的信息不符。综上所述，B选项是正确的答案。'
A:The widespread of utilitarianism ; “The Windhover” B:The publication of Darwin’s theory of evolution ; “Dover Beach” C:The Aesthetic Movement; The Book and the Ring D:Oxford Movement; Middlemarch
AI参考:正确答案是B:The publication of Darwin’s theory of evolution ； “Dover Beach” 。题目中提到的“震动维多利亚时代英国宗教信仰的大事件”应该是达尔文进化论的出版，而“Dover Beach”则是表达诗人对这一事件的悲观情绪。因此，答案为B。解释：A选项的utilitarianism是功利主义，与宗教信仰无关；C选项的Aesthetic Movement是美学运动，与宗教信仰也无直接关系；D选项的Oxford Movement是牛津运动，与题目中的事件无关。因此，只有B选项符合题意。'
A:Revolution B:Rationalism C:Humanism D:Evolution
AI参考:正确答案是B:Rationalism。本题考察对英语中各种文学思潮的理解和掌握。在十八世纪，美国文学的启蒙时代，理性主义是主导精神。所以正确答案为B。其他选项革命、人本主义、进化论都与题目描述不符。'
A:Fragmentation and alienation. B:Tradition and faith. C:Courage and honor. D:Poverty and desperation.
A:Don Juan B:Northanger Abby C:Jane Eyre D:Wuthering Heights
A:Chartist Movement B:Romanticist Movement C:Modernist Movement D:Enlightenment Movement
AI参考:A.the natural world B. the philosophy of Darwin C. social Darwinism D. religious belief 正确答案是：A.the natural world。 原文中提到，美国自然主义的主要影响来源是自然世界，所以答案是A。其他选项B、C、D在原文中没有提到。"
A:Thomas Hardy and George Eliot B:Charlotte and Emily Bronte C: Laurence and James Joyce D:Charles Dickens and William M. Thackeray
AI参考:正确答案是：C:Laurence and James Joyce。本题考查文学流派。C选项中的Laurence和James Joyce属于现代主义文学，不属于维多利亚时期批判现实主义文学流派，所以不能选。其他选项都是维多利亚时期批判现实主义文学流派中的代表人物。因此，本题答案为C。'
A:Ralph Waldo Emerson B:Emily Dickinson C:Ezra Pound D:Robert Pound
A:insignificant B:vicious by nature C:forward-looking D:divine
A:reason B:emotion C:peace D:action
AI参考:正确答案是B:emotion。Romanticism强调情感（emotion）。浪漫主义（Romanticism）是一种文学和艺术运动，强调个人情感和主观体验，强调表达内心深处的情感和感受，而不是基于理性或逻辑的客观观察。因此，选项B“情感”是正确的答案。选项A“理性”、C“和平”、D“行动”都与浪漫主义强调的个人情感和主观体验不符。'
A:Jane Austin B:Walter Scott C:Byron D:Samuel T. Coleridge E:George
AI参考:正确答案是B:Walter Scott。题干中提到历史小说的体裁来源于某个作者，而历史小说这种体裁在英语文学中常常被认为是由苏格兰作家Walter Scott所开创的，因此答案为B。其他选项中，Jane Austin是英国作家，Byron是英国诗人，Samuel T. Coleridge是英国诗人和评论家，George是某个名字，均与题干无关。'
A:Realism B:Expressionism C:Modernism D:Postmodernism
AI参考:根据题目中给出的信息，这是一项历史术语，指的是一个文学和艺术运动，在20世纪初期发展并在整个20世纪40年代继续存在。考虑到现代艺术运动的发展历史，选项中符合描述的是“Modernism”，这是一个用于描述从19世纪末到20世纪中叶的一种艺术运动。因此，正确答案是C：Modernism。'
A:a sonnet B:an allegory C:an epic D:a ballad
A:disillusionment B:international theme C:nothingness D:relationship between men and women
A:sketches about his European tours B:tales about America C:early poetry D:childhood recollections
AI参考:正确答案是D:childhood recollections 。根据句意“华盛顿·欧文的名声主要建立在他的童年回忆上”可知，选项D符合题意。其他选项与句意不符。故选D。'
A:The Over-Soul. B:Faith in Christianity. C:Self-Reliance. D:Importance of the Individual.
AI参考:正确答案是B:Faith in Christianity.（对基督教的信仰）。在选项中，A选项“超灵”（The Over-Soul）是爱默生（Ralph Waldo Emerson）的主要思想之一，强调人的精神本质；C选项“自力更生”（Self-Reliance）是爱默生的核心观点之一，鼓励人们独立自主，摆脱权威的束缚；D选项“个人主义”（Importance of the Individual）也是爱默生的思想之一，他认为每个人都有权利自由发展，不需要依靠任何人或群体。然而，B选项“对基督教的信仰”并非爱默生主张的主要思想之一。因此，正确答案是B。'
A:the decline of aristocracy B:the force of convention C:the corruption of the newly rich D:the free spirit of the New World
AI参考:在亨利·詹姆斯的小说《黛西·米勒》中，作者试图将这位年轻女子塑造成________的象征。正确答案是B:the force of convention。在小说中，黛西·米勒的行为和思想与传统社会习俗相悖，作者通过她的行为和思想来揭示当时社会习俗的强大影响力，因此B选项“the force of convention”最符合作者的意图。而A选项“the decline of aristocracy”与小说中描述的社会背景不符；C选项“the corruption of the newly rich”与小说中黛西的家庭背景不符；D选项“the free spirit of the New World”在小说中并没有明显体现。因此，B是正确答案。'
AI参考:根据题干，以下标题都与美国文学中逃离社会回归自然的主题相关：1. "Return to Nature"2. "Escape from the City"3. "Going Back to the Country"4. "Reconnecting with Nature"5. "Nature as a Refuge"以上标题都表达了人们逃离城市的喧嚣，回归自然的生活方式，旨在寻找内心的平静和放松。因此，以上标题都符合美国文学中逃离社会回归自然的主题。'
A:American colloquialism. B:minute and detailed descriptions. C:exquisite and elaborate language. D:lengthy psychological analyses.
AI参考:正确选项是【B:minute and detailed descriptions.】 亨利·詹姆斯的写作风格特点之一是他的作品中对人物和环境的详细和具体的描述，这种描述通常非常细致入微，注重细节，给人留下深刻的印象。因此，B选项“minute and detailed descriptions”是亨利·詹姆斯写作风格的典型特征之一。其他选项A（美国口语）、C（精致和复杂的语言）和D（心理分析的详细程度）虽然也反映了詹姆斯的一些写作特点，但不是他写作风格的典型特征。"
A:He instructed his countrymen as a printer. B:he was a Puritan. C:He was a master of diplomacy. D:He was a scientist.
AI参考:正确选项为D:He was a scientist。根据题目中的描述，Franklin是一位科学家，没有提到他作为印刷师、清教徒或外交大师的身份。因此，选项A、B和C都是错误的，只有选项D是正确的。'
A:Liberty B:Democracy C:Fraternity D:Equality
A:Dialogue that furthers the story B:Little reflection or expression of sentiment C:A strong, simple beat and an uncomplicated rhyme scheme or pattern D:Dramatization of a single incident
A:错 B:对
A:错 B:对
A:对 B:错
AI参考:正确答案是A。Baron，Shelley和Keats通常被称为浪漫主义诗歌的第二代诗人，因为他们都持有类似的生活和艺术态度。'
A:错 B:对
A:错 B:对
A:对 B:错
A:对 B:错
A:对 B:错
A:错 B:对
A:对 B:错
AI参考:答案是A：对。根据题目中的信息，Charlotte和Emily Bront的小说《简爱》和《呼啸山庄》中都创造了一些令人难忘的背景，这些背景反映了他们成长的城市伦敦，给人留下深刻的印象。因此，可以判断题目中的说法是正确的。'
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