1.Which of the followings belong to suprasegmental features? ( )
A:distinctive features
B:intonation
C:stress
D:tones
答案:stress###tones###intonation
2.Which of the following words are formed in the same way as the word “spoonfeed”? ( )
A:Daybreak
B:Sunbathe
C:Whitewash
D:Windowpane
答案:Daybreak###Sunbathe
3.Which of the following belong to the categories of verbs? ( )
A:mood
B:aspect
C:tense
D:number
答案:tense###aspect###mood
4.The pictograms came to represent____. ( )
A:meaning in real world
B:concept
C:meaning
D:world of the concept
答案:concept###world of the concept
5.Coordinate sentence can be joined by ___. ( )
A:and
B:which
C:that
D:or
答案:and###or
6.English is one of the____ family. ( )
A:Sino-Tibetan languages
B:Iranian
C:Germanic family
D:Indo-European family
答案:AI参考:正确答案是D:Indo-European family。\n\n英语属于印欧语系，是其中的一个家族之一。选项A中的Sino-Tibetan languages（汉藏语系）和选项B中的Iranian（伊朗语系）都不是语言家族的名称，因此可以排除。选项C中的Germanic family（日耳曼语族）虽然也是语言家族之一，但英语并不是该语族的成员。因此，根据题干所给的信息，正确答案为D，即Indo-European family（印欧语系）。'
7.Which of the following has sense but no reference? ( )
A:Rhinoceros
B:Leopard
C:Donkey
D:Unicorn
答案:AI参考:正确答案是D:Unicorn。\n独角兽是没有实体存在的事物，没有实际的地理参照。其他选项中的动物都与具体的地理位置有关，具有实际存在的参照意义。因此，答案为D。'
8.The main linguistic accomplishments during ___ are control of the speech musculature and sensitivity to the phonetic distinctions used in the parents" language. ( )
A:fluent grammatical conversation stage
B:three-word stage
C:holophrastic stage
D:two-word stage
答案:AI参考:正确答案是C：holophrastic stage。\n本题中空格后的are说明了本空需要填的是一个名词性词语，结合空前的动词“完成”以及句意，本空应该填写的是孩子学习语言过程中某一个阶段的名称，而在四个选项中只有C项holophrastic stage（一个完整的句子的阶段）符合，因此答案为C。'
9.The excerpt of The Canterbury Tales tells us an example of ___. ( )
A:semantic change
B:phonetic change
C:syntactic change
D:phonological change
答案:AI参考:正确答案是D:phonological change。\n该段选自《坎特伯雷故事集》，告诉我们一个语音变化的例子。语音变化包括音位变化和音节变化等，其中音位变化又包括元音和辅音的变化。因此，选项D是正确答案。其他选项A、B、C与题干不符。'
10.Which of the following is not a research method applied in MT? ( )
A:The linguistic approach
B:The interlingual approach
C:The transfer approach
D:The situational approach
答案:AI参考:D:The situational approach 这是不属于机器翻译研究中的研究方法。\n\n机器翻译的研究方法主要包括语言学方法、基于规则的方法、统计方法、神经网络方法等。其中，语言学方法包括语言对比分析、语言规则提取等；基于规则的方法主要是利用已有的规则库进行翻译；统计方法则是通过机器学习、深度学习等技术，对大规模语料库进行统计分析，从而得到翻译模型；神经网络方法则是利用神经网络进行模拟，通过模拟人脑神经元的连接方式，实现机器翻译的自动化。\n\n而情境法（situational approach）通常用于商务英语、法律英语等专业领域的翻译，它主要关注的是特定情境下的语言使用和表达方式，而不是机器翻译的研究方法。因此，情境法不是机器翻译中应用的研究方法之一。'
11.Which branch of phonetics concerns the production of speech sounds? ( )
A:Auditory phonetics
B:Articulatory phonetics
C:Acoustic phonetics
D:None of the above
A:It also includes texts which introduce computer technology. B:It includes electronic production of artificial speech. C:It deals with computer processing of human language. D:It can be seen as a branch of applied linguistics. 13.___ refers to any morpheme or combination of morphemes to which an inflectional affix can be added. It can be equivalent to a root, or a root and a derivational affix. ( )
A:Stem B:Affix C:Root D:Suffix 14.Live and live are two different words when pronounced differently, so they are ___. ( )
A:Hyponyms B:Homophones C:Synonyms D:Homographs 15.Who is the considered as the founding father of the modern science linguistics? ( )
A:Norm Chomsky B:Leonard Bloomfield C:Ferdinand de Saussure D:Edward Sapir 16.In normal situations, ___ speakers tend to use more prestigious forms than their (A) counterparts with the same social background. ( )
A:young; old B:female; male C:old; young D:male; female 17.The criterion used in IC analysis is ___. ( )
A:substitutability B:construction C:structure D:constituent 18.___ refers to the use of a word which is thought to be less offensive or unpleasant than another word. ( )
A:Euphemism B:Diglossia C:Dialect D:Taboo 19.Bloomfield emphasized that the process of language is a process of___. ( )
A:natural study B:stimulus-response C:imitating process D:teaching process 20.The process involving an alternation in the sequence of sounds is ___. ( )
A:class shift B:metathesis C:addition D:loss 21.Honeybees can communicate many different messages through dances. This means their communication system is qualitatively same as human language. ( )
A:对 B:错 22.Pidgins are linguistically inferior to standard languages. ( )
A:对 B:错 23.The London School proposed a functional approach towards the concept of phoneme, and N. Trubetzkoy made the greatest contribution to the related study. ( )
A:对 B:错 24.Both semantics and pragmatics study how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful communication. ( )
A:错 B:对 25.A morpheme is an arbitrary union of a sound and a meaning (or grammatical function) that can be further analyzed.（ ）
A:对 B:错 26.A word-writing system would be familiar with English and other Indo-European language users. ( )
A:错 B:对 27.Clipping means the words derived from the initials of several words. ( )
A:对 B:错 28.The success of L2 acquisition depends on a range of factors, including age, talent, motivation, age of acquisition, personality, etc. ( )
A:正确 B:错误 29.Syntax studies the rules which govern the ways words, word groups and phrases are combined to make grammatical sentences in a language, i.e. it deals with the relationships between elements in sentence structures. ( )
A:错 B:对 30.Cognitive theory believes that language is not an autonomous cognitive faculty. ( )
A:错 B:对 31.The case category is used in the analysis of word classes to identify the syntactic relationship between words in a sentence. ( )
A:错 B:对 32.A phrase means two or more words in sequence, intended to have meaning, which form a syntactic unit that is less than a complete sentence. It is actually synonymous with word group. ( )
A:对 B:错 33.L2 learners usually speak with accent because they may transfer the phonemes, phonological rules, syllable structure, stress placement or intonational patterns of their L1 to their L2. ( )
A:错 B:对 34.Semantics is concerned only with the meanings of words and the meaning relationships among words. ( ）
A:对 B:错 35.Vowels are produced with little restriction of the airflow from the lungs out through the mouth and/or the nose. ( )
A:错 B:对 36.The most distinguishable linguistic feature of a regional dialect is its grammar and uses of vocabulary. （ )
A:错 B:对 37.The goal of sociolinguistics is to explore the nature of language variation and language use among a variety of speech communities and in different social situations. ( )
A:错 B:对 38.A morpheme is the minimal contrastive unit in the writing system of a language. ( )
A:错 B:对 39.Malinowski proposed that in the primitive culture the meaning of word greatly depended upon a real language situation or rather upon a real language situation. ( ）
A:对 B:错 40.Language use varies from one speech community to another, from one regional group to another, from one social group to another, and even from one individual to another. ( )
A:对 B:错 41.The relevance theory was formally proposed by ___ and ___ in their book Relevance: Communication and Cognition in 1986. ( )
A:Sapir; Whorf B:Dan Sperber; Deirdre Wilson C:Grice; Dan Sperber D:Grice; Levison 42.A ___ in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word that introduces the embedded clause.
A:coordinator B:preposition C:particle D:subordinator 43.According to Searle, the illocutionary point of the representative is ___. ( )
A:to get the hearer to do something B:to commit the speaker to something’s being the case C:to express the feelings or attitude towards an existing state of affairs D:to commit the speaker to some future course of action
