- Simultaneously, bridge infrastructure in China is deteriorating at an alarming rate. （ ）
- Surface course:It usually consists of a mixture of mineral aggregates and asphaltic materials.（ ）
- Pavements are designed for an expected service life or design life.（ ）
- In order to ensure driving safety, measures must be taken in the tunnel to keep the wall brightness in long-term operation, the wall must be equipped with appropriate materials to be internal treatment。（ ）
- The first road builders in Western Europe were the Romans.（ ）
- An invitation for bid (IFB), sometimes referred to as an invitation to bid, is used in situations where potential vendors or service providers differ principally on price.（ ）
- An intersection is the crossing where two or more roads join or cross，including the road and roadside facilities for traffic movements.（ ）
- If two or more beams are joined rigidly together over supports, the bridge becomes continuous beam bridge.（ ）
- The door is the exposed part at both ends of the tunnel, and also the supporting structure connecting the tunnel lining and the cutting outside the tunnel.（ ）
- Steel is an alloy of iron, a small amount of carbon and other elements. Because of its high tensile strength and low cost, it is a major component used in buildings, infrastructure, highways, bridges, tools, machines and weapons. （ ）
- Total station or TST (total station theodolite) is an electronic/optical instrument used for surveying. （ ）
- Choose one correct answer from A, B, C and D：subgrade（ ）.
- Choose one correct answer from A, B, C and D：intersection （ ）.
- Like all structures, highway systems fail due to fatigue over time. （ ）
- Steel girder superstructures are normally supported by cantileveredpiers, whereas the cast-in-place concrete superstructures are normally supported bymonolithic piers.（ ）
- The instrument that can not directly measure angles is （ ）.
- The selection of an interchange type and its design is influenced by many factors including the following： the speed, volume and composition of traffic in service, the number of intersecting roads，the standards and arrangement of the local street system including traffic control devices, topography, right of way controls, local planning, proximity of adjacent interchanges, community impact, and cost.（ ）
- Bearing is a main part in bridge structures, which positions between the bridge superstructure and substructure. （ ）
- Choose one correct answer from A, B, C and D：central median （ ）.
- The Ministry of Transport estimates that repair of deficient or（ ） bridges will cost more than 20 billion RMB.
- Choose one correct answer from A, B, C and D：entrance ramp（ ）.
- Choose one correct answer from A, B, C and D：lump sum （ ）.
- The need to control the intrusion of moisture into such soils is of major importance in order to（ ）.
- Choose one correct answer from A, B, C and D：arterial road （ ）.
- Choose one correct answer from A, B, C and D：photogrammetry （ ）.
- Choose one correct answer from A, B, C and D：interchange （ ）.
- Choose one correct answer from A, B, C and D：wearing course （ ）.
- Consideration should be given to providing （ ）in advance of the loop off-ramps to provide for vehicle deceleration.
- Bow string girder bridges are economical when sufficient （ ） is needed under a bridge.
- Choose one correct answer from A, B, C and D：grant （ ）.
- （ ）are provided in between the two extreme supports of the bridge(abutments) and in the river to reduce the span and share the total load coming over the bridge.
- The thickness of slab is quite considerable but uniform, thereby requiring simple （ ）.
- Many factors （ ）, affect the design of tangent and curve sections.
- Choose one correct answer from A, B, C and D：aggregate （ ）
- Choose one correct answer from A, B, C and D：load （ ）.
- The subgrade soil is often referred to as（ ）.
- Choose one correct answer from A, B, C and D：linearity （ ）.
- Choose one correct answer from A, B, C and D：collector lane（ ）.
- Choose one correct answer from A, B, C and D：pavement （ ）.
- Choose one correct answer from A, B, C and D：contractor （ ）.
- durability （ ）
- linearity（ ）
- fatigue （ ）
- bleeding （ ）
- longitude （ ）
- Shield tunnel construction is a construction method that uses the shield machine for tunnel tunneling in soft rock and soil, and completes the permanent lining laying of the tunnel.（ ）
- The tunnel structure includes the main structure and accessory structure. The main structure of the tunnel includes the hole body lining and the hole door structure.（ ）
- Automobile special highway tunnel shall reach: arch, wall and equipment box hole are not water seepage（ ）
- Permanent support (secondary support, secondary lining)contains 4 kinds：anchor spray support, composite lining, assembly lining and anchor injection lining .（ ）
- Piers are intermediate supports in a multi-span bridge system（ ）.
- Broadly, a bridge can be divided into two major parts（ ）.
- Wingwalls can be constructed of cast-in-place concrete and shall be designed as retaining walls.（ ）
- “cost-effective”means（ ）.
- The prototype can be tested with the FWD and the deflection data analyzed with computer program to（ ）.
- Why dose Roman road have very strong strength?（ ）
- Utilization of swelling materials in only lower portions of the embankment is often undertaken in order to （ ）.
- What are the characteristics of Roman roads?（ ）
- （ ） surveying-defined as the use of electronic survey equipment used to perform horizontal and vertical measurements in reference to a grid system.
- A total station integrates the functions of a theodolite for measuring angles, an （ ） for measuring distances, digital data and a data recorder.
- Typical total station programs include point （ ）,missing line measurement, azimuth calculations, remote object elevation calculations, offset measurements, layout or setting-out positions, and area computation.
- The primary function of surveying instruments is to measure distances, angles and （ ）.
- Level is a device for establishing a horizontal line or plane by means of a （ ） in a liquid that shows adjustment to the horizontal by movement to the center of a slightly bowed glass tube.
- reinforced concrete （ ）
- aggregate （ ）
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