第七章 The law of the sea：The law of the sea7.1The law of the sea:Chapter 7 The law of the sea[单选题]下列哪一个国家不是联合国安全理事会中的常任理事国？
7.2Development of LoS:Limited resources leads to competition, and also in the area of sea. There are many resources in the sea, and we need the sea to develop modern economy. Thus, it is really important for every state now in the modern international society,and every state has its own strategy to gain more and more rights in this area. Thus, we need the law to regulate the relations. Several discussions and negotiations appeared about the rules of the sea, including the width of the territorial sea and some other areas in the sea for the benefit of the coastal states and other states. Then, we finally have UNCLOS.
7.3Internal waters:When we talk about sea, internal water is the most important part. While actually internal water is not really a part of the sea, but a part of territory of a state. States can exercise all kinds of sovereign powers over its territory. What about the internal water? How to define internal water?
7.4Territory:Every state has its territory, and there are many kinds of boundary lines. If there are mountains between two states, the watershed could be deemed as boundary line;if there are rivers, the central line or the navigation line may be deemed as boundary. But that`s not all the situations. An example is the Yalv River, the whole river is the boundary line of China and Korea.
7.5Territorial sea (1):Coastal states definitely can have some rights over the territorial sea, just like its land territory. However there are some exceptions, that is "right of innocent passage". But all in all, compared with contiguous zone, exclusive economic zone and high seas, territorial sea is still the most important under controlled sea zone, under the coastal states` sovereignty.
7.6Territorial sea (2):The width of territorial sea decides the definite scope of territorial sea of states`. There is a process of development and expansion of width of territorial sea in the history. That is the necessary consequence of the development of modern society. Sea has more and more economic meanings. After Geneva Convention on the law of the sea in 1958, United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea gives us a maximal width of territorial sea.
7.7Territorial sea (3):Baseline is actually the very basis for us to measure internal waters, to measure territorial sea, contiguous zone and also exclusive economic zone. And there are two types of baseline, normal baseline and straight line.
7.8The contiguous zone:Contiguous zone is a very important belt of the sea, and UNCLOS has stipulated a lot of regulations about this kind of area. What kinds of rights do coastal states have on contiguous zone? What`s the width of contiguous zone? How to measure contiguous zone?
7.9Exclusive fishery zones and exclusive economic zones:Rules develop and complete with the development of international society. And especially for some states who claim much wider belt of the sea under their own jurisdiction so that they can get their economic harvest by this kind of claim. But there were lots of disagreements. And in 1982, the Convention on the Law of the Sea creates a new type of maritime zone, that is exclusive economic zone.
7.10Hot pursuit:Hot pursuit is a legal right of coastal states according to Convention on the High Seas and UNCLOS. Coastal states have the right to pursue a foreign ship when it reasonably believes that the ship has violated the laws and regulations of the state. And there are five requirements for the appliance of right of hot pursuit.
7.11Piracy:The issue of piracy is very popular these days and it has a very long history in the old times. Due to the importance of this issue, it is within the universal jurisdiction. But can other states intervene a specific piracy happen in other areas instead of high seas?Somalia situation provides us an example. If one state has no consent to exercise jurisdiction over the related situations, or has no ability to exercise its jurisdiction, the international community can do something to deal with the issue:
中国
日本
美国
法国
答案：日本
[单选题]人类历史上第一个全球性综合性的国际组织是（ ）
国际常设法院
国际联盟
联合国
国际货币基金组织[单选题]首次正式将“联合国”作为战后国际组织名称的文件是（ ）
《关于普遍安全的宣言》
《关于建立普遍性国际组织的建议案》
《联合国宪章》
《联合国家共同宣言》[单选题]在下列事项中，不属于联合国大会的重要问题是（ ）
接纳新会员国
会员国除名
托管制度的预算问题的决定
恢复会员国资格[单选题]“加权表决制”作为国际组织表决制度的一种，指的是（ ）
该组织成员全体一致同意，某些会员国可以增加一定票数
该组织的最高权力机关决定某些会员国可以增加一定票数
该组织的行政机关决定某些会员国可以增加一定票数
一些金融性国际组织会员国除享有同样的表决票外，还可以就其所认缴股份额的多少增加一定票数[单选题]根据相关国际公约，被规定为全人类共同继承财产的区域是（）
公海
外层空间
国际海底区域及其资源
南北极[单选题]下列有关公海上的管辖权，哪个选项是正确的？
行使紧追权是普遍性管辖的一种方式
船旗国对其在公海上航行的船舶具有专属管辖权
登临权由各国军舰、军用飞机行使
普遍性管辖的对象主要是从事海盗、贩毒、贩奴、侵害沿岸国等行为[单选题]以下哪项不属于国际河流航行制度的主要内容？（）
一切国家的商船都可以在国际河流上航行，并有平等待遇
非沿岸国的军舰也同样享有河流上航行的自由
沿岸国对本国河段行使管辖权，负责管理和维护自己管辖下的河段，并保留沿岸贸易权
设立国际委员会，制定必要的同意管理规章，以保障河流的航行自由[单选题]甲国一企业在某国际海底区域发现了丰富的锰资源，并计划开发利用。根据《联合国海洋法公约》，其开发须满足下列哪一条件才可进行？（）
甲国企业须向本主管机关登记，并获批准
甲国企业须得到联合国秘书长的同意
甲国企业须向国际海底管理局登记
甲国企业须向国际海底管理局提供两块商业价值相等的矿址，并与管理局签订合同，开发由管理局选择的作为合同区的一块矿址[单选题]《海洋法公约》规定，沿海国对专属经济区内自然资源的权利性质是（）
管辖权
管制权
占有权
主权权利
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