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英语精读与写作（一）
- I'd rather read than watch television; the programs seem ( ) all the time.
- I appreciate ( ) to your home.
- It ( ) quite a few years ( ) the accused was declared innocent and set free.
- On hearing a great noise, Mike looked forward through the window ( ) what happened outside the room.
- I suppose that when I come back in ten years' time all those old houses ( )down.
- We must remember that ( )fashion is not the most important thing in ( ) life.
- John often attends public lectures at the University of Oxford, chiefly ( )his English.
- He wore dark glasses to avoid ( ).
- He asked ( ) since he had been chairman for seven years.
- At last she left her house and got to the airport, only( ) the plane flying away.
- You should have put the milk in the icebox; I expect it ( )undrinkable by now.
- Ever since the family moved to the suburbs last year, they( ) better health.
- Sir Dennis, who is 78, has made it known that much of his collection( ) to the nation.
- This robot is supposed to save a lot of labor, but it remains a problem if it ( ).
- All things( ), the planned trip will have to be called off.
- The conference( ) a full week by the time it ends.
- The speaker, ( ) for her splendid speeches, was warmly received by the audience.
- Everyone had an application form in his hand, but no one knew which office room( ).
- He came back late, ( ) which time all the guests had already left.
- The minister had his secretaries ( )a press conference.
- He took down a square green bottle, ( ) he poured into a dish.
- It is not unusual for workers in that region ( ).
- ( ) we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.
- The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds ( )his arguments in favor of the new theory.
- Everyone hopes that we can do something to make things better, so we can't help ( ) under the stress.
- During the tourist season, there are many people wandering in this city to see the old castles ( ) in the sixteenth century.
- ( ) a teacher in a university, it is necessary to have at least a master's degree.
- The man in the comer confessed to( ) a lie to the manager of the company.
- My wife said in her letter that she would appreciate ( ) from you sometime.
- There is more land in Australia than the government knows( ) .
- Pick me up at 8 o'clock. I ( )my bath by then.
- Ann never dreams of ( ) for her to be sent abroad very soon.
- The residents, ( ) had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross.
- There are more than fifty proposals ( ) at the conference.
- ( )evidence that language acquiring ability must be stimulated.
- The goals ( ) he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.
- The speech( ) , a lively discussion started.
- The organization broke no rules, but ( )had it acted responsibly.
- ( ) of water makes Death Valley a desert, but it is by no means devoid.
- ( ) the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of the earth.
- You ( ) him so closely; you should have kept your distance.
- I would appreciate ( ) it a secret.
- We need a more capable leader, ( ) with strong will and as well as good humour.
- It is no longer a problem ( ) the poor children in this district can go to school.
- The police accused him of setting fire to the building but he denied ( )in the area on the night of the fire.
- The gray building is where the workers live, and the white one is where the spare parts( ).
- Great as Newton was, many of his ideas ( ) today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.
- There were many more people who got injured in the big fire than ( ).
- The time is not far away ( ) modern communications will become widespread in China's vast countryside.
- Of all the applicants, ( ) do you think is fit for the position?
- ( ) as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention.
- Once environmental damage ( ), it takes many years for the system to recover.
- My train arrive in New York at eight o'clock tonight. The plane I would like to take from there ( )by then.
- No one had told Smith about ( ) a lecture the following day.
- I'll never forget ( ) you for the first time.
- It is ( ) that terrorism is a great threat to world peace.
- We regret ( ) you that the materials you ordered are out of stock.
- With his eyes ( ) on the family album, he thought of the fun he had when he lived with his parents.
- It is the news ( ) most parents of the hope that there is a safe and socially approved road to a kind of life they themselves have not had, but their children can.
- If you smoke in a non-smoking section people( ).
With the advent of fast food chains from the West such as McDonald’s, Kentucky Fried Chicken and Pizza Hut, the Chinese are being introduced to a diet that markedly increases the death rate from certain diseases in any population.
The main killers in North America, the degenerative diseases such as heart attack and stroke as well as colon cancer, will become a way of death, not death, not life, in this country if the Chinese do not act quickly and compete with these health destroying food chains. Scientific studies from all over the world show that a diet high in animal foods such as pork, beef, including sugar, white flour, white noodles and even white rice, undermines one’s health. Deposits of animal fat cling to the walls of arteries, blocking the blood supply to various organs.
This causes diseases in almost every organ, but in particular it damages two of the most vital ones, the heart and brain. Compare these problems with the excellent health one may enjoy if one consumes good Chinese food. The cook goes out every day, procures great-tasting, fresh vegetables, then cooks them for just a few minutes so that their nutritional value is preserved and afterwards serves them in a most artistic and elegant fashion. Please cling to your traditional ways of eating. They are far superior to those of the West.
Certainly the fast food chains make lots of money, but who wants to fill the pockets of a foreign food chain that proceeds to ruin the health of the Chinese people? Another reason Western fast food restaurants make money is that the food they serve, which comes from assembly lines, will not attract bugs or spoil easily.
How the Chinese could patronize these fast food places when Chinese cook such delectable food, not just in this country but over the entire world, is beyond my comprehension. Western restaurants are clean and tastefully decorated. Moreover, these restaurants also do indeed have “good service and an inviting dining atmosphere”. However, Chinese food chains could do likewise if they would organize themselves as the Western chains do.
These lessons in management and décor are the only ones worth learning from the invasion of this country by the Western fast food chains. In other words only imitate the style of the restaurants, not the content of the food or the menus in any way, shape or form. Do not let the desire for money destroy the wonderful tradition that China has established in producing absolutely fantastically tasty as well as healthful food.
Imagine a classroom missing the one thing that's long been considered a necessary part to reading and writing Paper. No notebooks, no textbooks, no test paper. Nor are there any pencils or pens, which always seem to run out of ink at the critical moment.
A "paperless classroom" is what more and more schools are trying to achieve. Students don't do any handwriting in this class. Instead, they use palm size, or specially-designed computers. The teacher downloads texts from Internet libraries and sends them to every student's personal computer.
Having computers also means that students can use the Web. They can look up information on any subject they're studying from maths to social science. High school teacher Judy Herrell in Florida, US, described how her class used the Web to learn about the war in Afganistan (阿富汗) over one year ago. "We could touch every side of the country through different sites --from the forest to refugee camps (难民营)," she said. "Using a book that's three or four years old is impossible."
And exams can go online too. At a high school in Tennessee, US, students take tests on their own computers. The teacher records the grades on the network for everyone to see and then copies them to his own electronic grade book.
A paperless classroom is a big step towards reducing the waste of paper. High school teacher Stephanie Sorrell in Kentucky, US, said she used to give about 900 pieces of paper each week to each student. "Think about the money and trees we could save with the computers," she said. But, with all this technology, there's always the risk that the machines will break down. So, in case of a power failure or technical problems, paper textbooks are still widely available for these hi-tech students.
A:to have got worse B:to be getting worse C:getting worse D:to get worse
答案:to be getting worse
A:to be invited B:having invited C:to have invited D:being invited
AI参考:正确选项是【D:being invited】。句子中使用了非谓语动词的形式，需要分析句子结构和语境来确定答案。根据语境和句子结构，应该是在表达“我很感激被邀请到你家”的意思。在这种情况下，使用being invited作为非谓语动词最为合适，因为它表示“被邀请”这个动作正在进行，与句子主语I是主动关系。因此，选项D being invited是正确答案。选项A to be invited表示被动关系，不符合语境；选项B having invited表示已经完成的一个动作，也不符合语境；选项C to have invited则是不定式的完成形式，也不符合语法规则。'
A:was; since B:is; that C:will be; when D:was; before
AI参考:正确选项是 D:was; before 。句子表达了一个时间上的先后顺序，即在这起案件过去若干年后，被告被宣判无罪并被释放。根据语境和语法规则，应该使用过去时态，因此选项 D 的 was 符合要求。同时，before 是一个表示时间先后顺序的连词，符合句意。因此，正确答案是 D。'
A:seeing B:to seeing C:to see D:to have seen
答案:to see
A:will be pulling B:will be pulled C:will have been pulled D:will have pulled
答案:will have been pulled
A:/; / B:the; / C:/; the D:the; the
AI参考:正确选项是B: the; /。句子中提到“我们必须记住”，表示需要特指某个事物或概念，所以需要使用定冠词“the”。第二个空格后面的“life”表示泛指生活中的某一方面，不需要使用定冠词。因此，选项B是正确的。其他选项中的冠词用法都不符合句意。'
A:improved B:improving C:to have improved D:to improve
答案:to improve
A:to be recognized B:being recognized C:having been recognized D:recognized
答案:being recognized
A:not to have been re-elected B:to have not been re-elected C:not to be re-elected D:to be not re-elected
AI参考:正确选项是C:not to be re-elected。句子中使用了asked作为谓语动词，所以需要使用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的情况。选项A和D使用了被动语态，不符合虚拟语气的用法。选项B使用了现在完成时，但是句子中并没有提到已经发生的事情，因此也不符合语境。因此，正确答案是C，表示他被再次选举为主席是不可能的，所以他要求不要再次被选举为主席。'
A:to have seen B:saw C:having seen D:to see
AI参考:正确选项是【C:having seen】。句子中使用了only引导的倒装句，表示强调，需要用完成时态，而C选项中的having seen表示动作已经完成，符合语境。因此，正确答案是C。句子意思是：最后她离开家来到机场，只看到飞机已经起飞了。'
A:becomes B:had become C:has become D:became
A:have been enjoying B:had enjoyed C:are enjoying D:could have enjoyed
A:is to leave B:has left C:is to be left D:leaves
A:does B:has C:is D:saves
A:considered B:having considered C:be considered D:considering
AI参考:正确选项是C:be considered。句子中使用了被动语态，表示“被考虑”，而选项C中的be considered符合语法规则。因此，答案为C。其他选项中，A、B和D都不能表达被动语态的含义，不符合句子结构的要求。同时，由于句中缺少了逗号或介词来引导一个非限制定语，因此无法选择D选项中的现在分词形式作为状语。'
A:has lasted B:would last C:must have lasted D:will have lasted
AI参考:正确选项是D:will have lasted。句子中使用了by the time引导的时间状语从句，表示到会议结束之前的时间，根据时态的对应原则，应该使用将来完成时态，即will have done的形式。因此选项D是正确的。句子中提到的会议将持续整整一周，暗示会议将在未来的某个时间点结束，所以用将来完成时态来表示在会议结束之前的时间。而选项A的现在完成时态不能表达这种未来的时间关系，选项B的过去完成时态不符合语境，选项C的过去时态也不符合语境。'
A:being known B:known C:having known D:knowing
AI参考:答案为 B:known这句话说的是：发言人因为她的精彩演讲而受到观众的热烈欢迎，这里是一个定语从句，先行词是the speaker，在从句中作主语，用过去分词known作定语，表示主语的状态，所以B选项正确。故选B。'
A:to be sent to B:to send it to C:to send it D:to have it sent
AI参考:正确选项是【B:to send it to】。句子中使用了固定短语“know which office room to send it to”，意思是“知道把申请表送到哪个办公室”，所以选项B“to send it to”是正确答案。其他选项A、C、D都与句意不符。'
A:at B:after C:during D:by
AI参考:正确选项是 B:after。句子意思是：他回来得很晚，所有客人都已经离开了那个时间。after表示在某个时间之后，符合句意。at表示在某个时刻或时间点；during表示在某个时间段内；by表示通过某种方式。因此，B选项after是正确答案。'
A:to arrange B:arrange C:arranging D:arranged
A:the content of that B:its content C:the content of which D:which content
A:to be paid later than mere a month B:to pay later than a month more C:to pay late more than a month D:to be paid more than a month late
A:For now B:Now that C:Ever since D:By now
AI参考:正确答案是B:Now that。Now that意为“既然”，表示因果关系，引导原因状语从句，根据句意“既然我们已经完成了课程，我们就应该开始做更多的复习工作。”可知答案为B。A项“For now暂且”不符合句意；C项“Ever since自从”不能引导状语从句；D项“By now到现在为止”也不符合句意。故选B。'
A:to base on B:to be based on C:which to base on D:on which to base
A:but working B:work C:but work D:but to work
AI参考:正确选项是【B:work】。 句子中表达的意思是“每个人都希望我们能够做一些事情来让事情变得更好，因此我们不能在压力下工作”，根据句意可知，应该使用动词原形作为谓语，因此选项B“work”是正确答案。选项A中的“but working”不符合语法规则，选项C中的“but work”中的“work”需要加不定冠词“a”，而选项D中的“but to work”中的“to work”是多余的。"
A:being built B:having been built C:built D:to be built
A:Become B:One becomes C:To become D:On becoming
AI参考:正确选项是C:To become。句子中使用了固定句型“It is necessary to do sth”，意为“做某事是必要的”，因此需要使用不定式作主语补足语，表示将要发生的事情。选项C中的“To become”恰好符合语法要求，表示成为一名大学教师是需要成为硕士的。而其他选项A、B和D在语法上都不正确，不符合句子结构和语境。'
A:be told B:have told C:having told D:being told
A:having heard B:to hear C:to have heard D:hearing
A:how to do B:to do with it C:to do it D:what to do with
A:will have had B:will be having C:can have had D:may have
A:there being a chance B:being a chance C:there be a chance D:there to be a chance
AI参考:正确选项是【C:there be a chance 】。句子中使用了“there be”句型，表示存在某物或某事。同时，句子中的“for her to be sent abroad very soon”表示“不久将要被送出国”，其中to be sent 是动词不定式，所以不需要再使用to作为介词使用。因此，选项C中的“there be a chance”符合句意和语法。选项A中的“there being a chance”虽然也是正确的语法，但使用上稍显冗余，不如选项C简洁明了。选项B和D中的“being”和“to be”都不符合句意和语法。'
A:all whose homes B:all their homes C:all of their homes D:all of whose homes
AI参考:答案为D:all of whose homes修饰词定语从句中的先行词为the residents，由于此处home是不及物动词，缺少所有格结构修饰，因此选项D符合题意，为正确选项。而选项A、B、C都缺少所有格结构修饰，不符合语法规则。因此，正确答案是D。'
A:discussing B:discussed C:to be discussed D:having been discussed
A:If being B:There being C:There is D:It is
AI参考:正确选项是C:There is evidence that language acquiring ability must be stimulated。句子中使用了“evidence”这个词，表示“证据”，而“that language acquiring ability must be stimulated”是同位语从句，用来解释evidence的内容。根据语法规则，同位语从句应该使用陈述语气，因此选项C“There is”是最符合语境的。选项A“If being”和选项D“It is”都是疑问语气，不符合语法规则。选项B“There being”虽然也是正确的语法结构，但是它在这里并不合适，因为它表示的是存在某种情况或状态，而不是提供证据。因此，正确答案是C。'
A:after which B:with which C:at which D:for which
AI参考:答案为 D:for which这句话的意思是：他一生为之奋斗的目标对他来说似乎已经不重要了，分析句子结构可知，he had fought all his life为定语从句，先行词为goals，在定语从句中he had fought all his life作目的状语，所以用for which引导定语从句，故选D。'
A:having been delivered B:be delivered C:was delivered D:being delivered
AI参考:正确选项是C:was delivered。句子中使用了“The speech was delivered”的被动语态结构，表示演讲被发表或发表演讲这个动作已经发生，所以选项C“was delivered”符合语法规则。同时，根据语境，演讲是被发表的，而不是正在被发表，因此选项D“being delivered”不正确。而选项A和B中的“having been delivered”和“be delivered”都不符合语法规则和语境。因此，正确答案是C。'
A:either B:so C:both D:neither
A:Lack B:Being lack C:Because of lack D:Lacking
AI参考:正确选项为 D:Lacking。句子中使用了非谓语动词作后置定语，其中 of water作定语修饰名词 Lack，表达水分不足使死谷变成沙漠。因此，空格处应该填入非谓语动词作定语，与 water构成逻辑上的主动关系，表达水分的缺乏，因此答案为 D：Lacking。句子意思为：水分不足使得死谷变成沙漠，但死谷并非完全缺乏水分。'
A:Having believed B:Being believed C:Believed D:Believing
AI参考:答案为 B:Being believed这句话说的是：许多人相信地球是平的，他们担心哥伦布会从地球的边缘掉下去，在非谓语动词的复合结构中，若句子主语和逻辑上的主语是被动关系时，使用逻辑主语作主语时，要用非谓语动词的动名词的复合结构。故选B。'
AI参考:You should have kept your distance.这句话的意思是“你应该和他保持距离”。根据语境和选项，这是一个表示建议或告诫的句子，所以正确的选项应该是“should have done”结构，表示过去本应该做某事但实际上没有做。因此，正确选项为“should have kept your distance”。'
A:your keeping B:that you keep C:that you will keep D:you to keep
AI参考:正确选项是B:that you keep。句子中使用了would appreciate it的形式来表示请求对方做某事，后面跟的是一个从句，需要使用陈述语序，即主语+谓语+宾语的结构。选项B中的that you keep符合这个结构，表示请求对方保密。其他选项不符合语法和语境。'
A:who B:which C:that D:one
A:whether B:that C:so D:because
A:having been B:be C:to have been D:to be
A:are produced B:are producing C:produced D:being produced
A:are to challenge B:have been challenged C:are challenged D:may be challenged
A:were reported B:they were reported C:was reported D:it was reported
AI参考:正确选项是 D:it was reported。句子中使用了“there were”和“than”这两个结构，表示比较关系，所以需要用“it”作为主语。而后面的“got injured”表示过去发生的动作，所以应该用一般过去时。因此，正确选项是D：it was reported。句子表达的意思是：在这次大火中受伤的人数比报道的要更多。'
A:as B:before C:when D:until
AI参考:正确选项是C:when。句子中使用了将来时态，表示时间还未发生，需要用将来时的时间状语。选项C中的when可以表示“当……时候”，符合句意。而其他选项的意思与句子不符，因此排除。'
A:whomever B:whoever C:who D:whichever
AI参考:正确选项是B:whoever。这个问题的意思是询问在所有申请者中，你认为谁适合这个职位。根据语法规则，当询问的是不定代词所指代的对象时，应该使用whoever。因此，选项B是正确答案。其他选项中，whomever通常用于强调对方的名字或身份；who只能用于强调名词；whichever通常用于修饰名词或名词性短语，不适合用来提问人选。'
A:Being published B:Publishing C:To be published D:Published
AI参考:答案为D:Published首先根据时间状语“at such a time”可以判断主句的动作是发生在过去的某个具体时刻的，再结合这句话的意思是，作者过去写的书或者文章引起了很多人的关注，这是其一个成果或者结果，故使用被动语态更为恰当，而且后文用的是as it was…结构，用一般过去时，故排除AC两项，publish是不及物动词，所以用被动语态的时候后接过去分词，选D。'
A:does B:is done C:is to do D:has done
AI参考:答案为B:is done这句话的意思是：一旦环境被破坏，需要很多年才能恢复。根据语境可知，此处是被动语态，environmental damage与do之间构成动宾关系，所以用被动语态，即is done，故选B。'
A:had left B:has left C:will have left D:would leave
AI参考:正确选项是 C:will have left。句子中使用了将来完成时态，表示在某个时间点之前已经发生的事情，以及未来的某个动作。在这种情况下，飞机将会在那个时间点离开。因此，选项C的“will have left”符合语法和语境。其他选项中，had left 过去完成时态，不符合语境；has left 现在完成时态，表示过去发生的动作仍然持续到现在，与句意不符；would leave 过去将来时态，与语境和时态不符。'
A:there be B:there was C:there would be D:there being
AI参考:正确选项是D:there being。这是一个there be句型的非谓语形式，表示“存在某事”，而lecture与tell之间是被动关系，所以使用现在分词的动名词形式，即there being。因此，选项D是正确答案。其他选项不符合语法和语境。'
A:having to be meeting B:to have met C:to meet D:meeting
AI参考:正确选项是B:to have met。句子中使用了“forget to do sth”这一固定搭配，表示忘记要做某事，但实际上还没有做。而根据句意“我永远不会忘记第一次见到你”，可知需要用完成时态，即“forget to have done sth”。因此，选项B“to have met”符合语法和句意。选项A“having to meet”表示“不得不见面”，与句意不符；选项C“to meet”表示“见面”，但与句意不符；选项D“meeting”表示“见面”，但与句意也不符合。'
A:widely accepted B:wide accepted C:wide accepting D:widely accepting
AI参考:正确选项是A:widely accepted。句子中使用了“It is …that…”的结构，表示强调，强调的是“恐怖主义是对世界和平的巨大威胁”这一事实。因此，需要使用一个副词来修饰整个句子，表示“广泛接受”。选项A中的widely恰好符合这个要求，表示“广泛地”。而选项B、C、D中的语法错误或不符合语境，因此不正确。'
A:to inform B:informing C:to have informed D:having informed
AI参考:正确选项是【D:having informed】。句子中使用了regret后置定语，表明对某个动作的“后悔”是另一个动作的主语发出的，这个动作已经完成，因此使用现在分词的完成式做后置定语，表达动作的被动和完成。因此，选项D having informed符合语法和语境。其他选项均不符合语法规则。'
A:fixing B:being fixed C:fixed D:to be fixed
A:that deprives B:that deprive C:that it deprives D:when it deprives
AI参考:答案为 C:that it deprives本句中的it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，此处是非谓语动词，即过去分词做定语，在此充当形容词作用，后置定语修饰the news。排除法得出答案C项正确。所以正确答案为C。'
A:have objected B:must object C:will object D:objected
AI参考:根据短文内容，以下哪个选项是正确的关于“无纸化教室”的描述？A. 无纸化教室是许多学校正在努力实现的目标。B. 无纸化教室的学生不再需要使用笔和纸进行书写。C. 无纸化教室可以减少浪费纸张，但也可能导致机器故障。正确答案是A. 无纸化教室是许多学校正在努力实现的目标。在文章中提到，越来越多的学校正在努力实现无纸化教室的目标，这反映了人们对减少纸张消耗的需求。根据上下文可知，B选项也正确，因为文章中提到学生们不再使用笔和纸进行书写，而是使用电子设备下载和发送文本。C选项提到无纸化教室可以减少浪费纸张，同时也提到有机器故障的风险，这也是正确的。但只有选项A是明确提及许多学校正在努力实现的目标，因此A是正确答案。'
