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英语变体听力
- The palatal glide in English is ____。[2分]
- The glottal fricative in English is ____。[2分]
- The bilabial nasal in English is ____。[2分]
- The voiceless labiodental fricative in English is ____。[2分]
- The voiceless alveolar stop in English is ____。[2分]
- The voiced labiodental fricative in English is ____。[2分]
- The voiceless alveolar fricative in English is ____。[2分]
- The high front tense vowel in English is ____。[2分]
- The bilabial glide in English is ____。[2分]
- There are no bilabial fricatives in English。（ ）
- Velar nasals in English can never be put at the onset of syllables。（ ）
- Unstressed vowels in English are usually reduced to a schwa。（ ）
- There is a schwa in English。（ ）
- All the high vowels in English are front vowels。（ ）
- All the low vowels in English are back vowels。（ ）
- All the rising diphthongs in English are ended either with a lax front vowel or a lax back vowel。（ ）
- Cardinal vowels are English-specific。（ ）
- All the centering diphthongs in English are ended with a schwa。（ ）
- The schwa in English is a voiced sound。（ ）
- Why do we speak differently when we all are supposed to speak English? （ ）
- What are some of the advantages of exonormative model? （ ）
- What are the shortcomings of the ENL/ESL/EFL model? （ ）
- How has Russian been surpassed by English in China in the twentieth century? （ ）
- As for the phonetic features of African American English, which statements are true? （ ）
- What is the general position of English within the countries of Europe? （ ）
- What are some of the disadvantages of exonormative model? （ ）
- As for the relationship between register and variety, which statements are true? （ ）
- How were English, Spanish and Tagalog made official languages in the Philippines? （ ）
- As for the language of English in the sub-Sahara Africa, which statements are true? （ ）
- As for the functions of a native language, which statements are true? （ ）
- How did the language of English take the place of German as a lingua franca in Europe? （ ）
- As for the ENL/ESL/EFL distinction, which statements are true? （ ）
- Why do most outer circle countries prefer the endonormative model? （ ）
- As for a consonant, which statements are true? （ ）
- What are the strands of an ELF teaching approach? （ ）
- What is the significance of comparing and contrasting RP and other accents? （ ）
- Why do almost all expanding circle countries choose the exonormative model? （ ）
- What are advantages of the three-circle model over the ENL/ESL/EFL model? （ ）
- As for ESP, which statements are true? （ ）
- What are the four criteria often used to classify a variety of English as ‘native’ rather than ‘nativised’? How can we challenge the four criteria? Choose the correct answers accordingly. （ ）
- As for the classification of consonants, which statements are true? （ ）
- Why is the English in the north of Nigeria different from that in the south of the country? （ ）
- What are the advantages of an ELF teaching approach? （ ）
- What are some of the most significant phonological features of Philippine English? （ ）
- Why is successful communication in ELF not impeded by the interdentals in English? （ ）
- Why has English virtually been the sole medium of education in Singapore at all levels since 1987? （ ）
- What are some of the features of ASEAN English pronunciation? （ ）
- As for lingua franca English, which statements are true? （ ）
- Linguistically speaking, what are the most significant differences between Indian English and Sri Lankan English? （ ）
AI参考:填空题的正确选项是“rarely used”。在英语中，腭龈音滑行很少使用。'
AI参考:填空题答案为“**voiceless**”。在英语中，浊化的趋势是对摩擦音的弱化形式进行不连续的发音，而此时在声门上产生的音实际上是一种带有摩擦力的声门闭锁气流停滞的完全无声的阻碍，也就是清声门擦音。而这种无声的阻碍在英语中被称为辅音静默，对应普通话音标则为塞擦音（似塞音的浊化形式），也有用类似英文表示方式的声音突变音的完全无声阻碍部分（air passage silence）即Voiceless Fricative in English（无擦音），此处译为无声擦音更为恰当。综上所述，答案是Voiceless。'
答案:["[]"]AI参考:这个双唇鼻音在英语中是_____。答案为“[m]”。解释：英语中双唇鼻音通常由字母“m”表示，所以题目中问到的双唇鼻音就是字母“m”。'
答案:正确答案:A[f]属于清音.唇齿音及摩擦音.
答案:[s]
答案:错误
AI参考:在英语中的高前不发音辅音音素是（f）。'
AI参考:填空题的正确选项是“rare”。在英语中，双唇颤音是一种较为少见的辅音音位，通常只在特定的语言或方言中出现。因此，空格处应填入“rare”，表示双唇颤音在英语中的罕见程度。'
A:对 B:错
AI参考:答案：B：错。英语中没有双唇擦音。该题是关于英语语音的判断题，所以需要分析语音知识。双唇擦音是一种辅音发音方式，而英语中没有这种发音方式，因此答案为B：错。'
A:错 B:对
AI参考:答案选择A：错。Velar nasals在英语中通常可以放在音节起始位置。当然，在某些特定的语言或方言中，可能存在一些例外情况，但是在标准的英语发音中，velar nasals是可以出现在音节起始位置的。所以这个说法是错误的。'
A:对 B:错
AI参考:答案：A。英语中不受重音影响的元音通常会变为央元音（即“schwa”）。因此，该题正确答案是A，表示认同这个说法。'
A:错 B:对
AI参考:正确答案是B：对。英语中确实存在一个短元音/ə/，即英语中的非重读元音。这个音在英语中非常常见，通常出现在单词的中间或末尾，如“thing”、“because”等。因此，这个判断题是正确的。'
A:对 B:错
AI参考:答案是B：错。英语中的高元音并不都是前元音，还有后元音。所以这个判断题是错误的。'
A:错 B:对
AI参考:答案：B:对。根据语音学知识，英语中的元音字母有五个，即a、e、i、o、u，其中“低元音”指的是a、e、i这三个元音，“后元音”指的是o、u这两个元音。因此，选项A是错误的，而选项B是正确的，表示英语中所有的低元音都是后元音。'
A:错 B:对
A:对 B:错
AI参考:答案是B：错。Cardinal vowels是元音音素，是英语特有的语音特征，但并不是英语独有的，其他语言也有类似的元音系统。因此，该说法是错误的。'
A:对 B:错
A:对 B:错
AI参考:答案：B。题目中的陈述是错误的。英语中的元音通常是不发音的，因此英语中的元音通常是不发音的，不会发出声音。因此，选项B“错”是正确的答案。'
A:Stress shift can be quite common in different English varieties. B:When we speak English, our first language accents may exert influence. C:A stress-timed L1 may facilitate English speaking. D:A syllable-timed L1 may render difficulty in pronouncing English sounds.
AI参考:正确选项是【B:When we speak English, our first language accents may exert influence.】原文中提到“当我们都说英语的时候，为什么我们说话的方式会有所不同？”其中一个可能的原因是当我们说英语时，我们的第一语言口音可能会产生影响。其他选项没有直接涉及为何在说英语时会改变说话方式的原因。选项A涉及不同英语方言中的音调变化，选项C和D则涉及母语的语言节奏对英语发音的影响，但没有直接解释为何说英语时会有不同的说话方式。'
A:It would be convenient to hire well-trained and highly proficient local teachers of English. B:It would be pedagogically beneficial to recruit native speakers of English as teachers, though untrained. C:It advantages native speaker teachers. D:It advantages the American and British English language teaching industries.
AI参考:正确选项为B:It would be pedagogically beneficial to recruit native speakers of English as teachers, though untrained。原文中提到了exonormative model的优点，即聘用英语为母语但未经训练的教师进行教学，这在教学上是有益的。因此，选项B符合原文的意思。其他选项中，A选项提到了方便聘请优秀的本地英语教师，但并没有明确说明这是exonormative model的优点；C选项和D选项则没有在原文中提及。因此，选项B是唯一符合原文的正确选项。'
A:The term of ‘native language’ can lead to misunderstanding. B:An ENL model may be inappropriate in an ESL or EFL country. C:The ENL/ESL/EFL model can bring about prejudice and bias. D:It becomes more and more difficult to accurately classify countries into EFL ones.
A:Even during those periods when English was officially classified as being the language of suspect forces, many educated and urban Chinese maintained a wish to learn it. B:English has always been the first foreign language since 1949. C:Since the late 1950s, the first foreign language has been English. D:Russian was the first foreign language from 1949 until the relationship with Russia deteriorated.
AI参考:正确选项是 C:Since the late 1950s, the first foreign language has been English.原文中提到“在二十世纪，英语在中国是如何超过俄语的？”根据上下文可以推断，选项C“自二十世纪五十年代末以来，英语一直是第一外语”是正确答案。虽然英语在某些时期被官方列为“嫌疑语言”，但许多受过教育的城市居民仍然希望学习它。因此，选项A不是正确答案。选项B和D虽然提到了俄语曾经是中国第一外语的情况，但与原文中提到的“英语在中国是如何超过俄语的？”这一主题不符。'
A:Non-use of constant clusters, especially in final position. B:Substitution of ‘this’ with ‘tis’. C:Substitution of ‘nothing’ with ‘nufing’. D:Pronouncing ‘boyfriend’ as ‘boyfrien’.
A:The position of English within the countries of Europe differs considerably. B:The majority of Europeans, excluding native speakers, do not learn English in schools. C:English is spreading because of its value in so many different domains. D:Increasingly, young Europeans are able to communicate with each other in English. E:The overall picture appears to be of a bilingualism or multilingualism with English as one of the languages.
AI参考:正确选项为【E:The overall picture appears to be of a bilingualism or multilingualism with English as one of the languages.】原文中提到“What is the general position of English within the countries of Europe?”，而选项E中提到“the overall picture appears to be of a bilingualism or multilingualism with English as one of the languages”，即英语在欧洲国家中的整体地位似乎是一种双语或多语现象，英语是其中的一种语言，这与原文的意思相符。选项A和C的说法都不够准确，B选项过于绝对，D选项则是针对年轻人之间使用英语交流的情况，不足以概括整个欧洲国家的情况。因此，正确答案是E。'
A:It disadvantages the great majority of students who feel the model is unattainable. B:It disadvantages the American and British ELT industry. C:It disadvantages non-native speaker local teachers. D:It disadvantages native speaker teachers.
AI参考:正确选项为：A、D原文中提到“exonormative model”这一教育模型有某些不利之处，但没有详细分析每个选项的优缺点。但根据选项可知，选项A描述的是这种教育模型会让大多数学生觉得无法实现，是一种不利之处；选项D则指出这种教育模型对母语为英语的教师不利。因此，选项A和D是符合原文描述的正确选项。而选项B和C虽然也提到了不利之处，但与原文描述不符，因此不是正确选项。'
A:Interactional and social factors can determine why people use a certain variety. B:The language used in formal situations is different from everyday expressions. C:Register can be an important marker of professional identity. D:A register is a certain variety of language.
A:In 1901, six years after the beginning of American rule, English-medium education was introduced. B:At the time of independence, its colonial history was evident in the establishment of both English and Spanish as national languages, along with the local language Tagalog. C:In 1935 the Philippines became a self-governing commonwealth and received independence in 1946. D:The country was a colony of Spain from 1521 until it came under American rule in 1895.
AI参考:正确选项是【B:At the time of independence, its colonial history was evident in the establishment of both English and Spanish as national languages, along with the local language Tagalog.】在菲律宾独立的时候，其殖民历史明显地体现在将英语和西班牙语作为国家语言，同时还有当地语言塔加洛语。因此，英语、西班牙语和塔加洛语成为了菲律宾的官方语言。根据问题描述，无需进行进一步的分析，只需要选择正确答案即可。'
A:East African English is spoken in Kenya and Tanzania. B:Southern African English is spoken in South Africa, Zimbabwe and Botswana. C:The language of English in the sub-Sahara Africa falls into three distinct groups. D:West African English, spoken in Cameroon, Ghana and Nigeria.
AI参考:根据题目，我们只需列出在撒哈拉以南非洲地区英语语言相关的正确陈述。选项A描述了东非英语（主要在肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚），选项B描述了南非英语（南非、津巴布韦和博茨瓦纳），选项D描述了西非英语（喀麦隆、加纳和尼日利亚），这些都是在撒哈拉以南非洲地区存在的英语变体。然而，选项C的陈述“撒哈拉以南非洲的英语语言分为三个截然不同的群体”是不正确的，因为实际上，撒哈拉以南非洲的英语语言并没有明确的群体划分。因此，正确选项是ABD。'
A:A native language of a speaker may not be used deliberately. B:A second or third language may be applied for the sake of identity. C:A native language of a speaker may not be used because of social interactions. D:To keep a native language alive, one should avoid living in a multilingual environment.
AI参考:正确选项是【B:A second or third language may be applied for the sake of identity.】原文中提到“As for the functions of a native language, which statements are true?”，即关于母语的功能，哪些陈述是正确的。根据原文中的描述，选项B“A second or third language may be applied for the sake of identity”是正确的，因为有些人可能会选择学习第二或第三语言来保持自己的身份认同。其他选项在原文中没有得到支持或与原文不符。'
AI参考:正确选项为：A. the Great Fire of London in 1666 and the decrease of Dutch power.B. The Great British Empire.C. the use of scientific terminology and scientific equipment in science and technology.D. The development of printing press and the spread of books.欧洲英语取代德语成为通用语言的原因是：- 1666年的伦敦大火和荷兰势力的衰落导致伦敦成为欧洲商业中心；- 英国大英帝国的影响力；- 科学术语和科学设备在科技中的应用；- 印刷机和书籍的传播。其中，A选项中的伦敦大火导致许多建筑物被毁，使得伦敦成为了一个更大、更繁荣的城市，这也促进了英语在欧洲的传播，成为通用语言。而B、C、D选项虽然也促进了英语在欧洲的传播，但并不是英语取代德语成为通用语言的主要原因。因此，正确答案是A。'
A:British English is an example of ENL. B:English in ASEAN is an example of EFL. C:English in China is an example of EFL. D:Indian English is an example of ESL.
AI参考:正确选项是C:English in China is an example of EFL。ENL/ESL/EFL的区别指的是不同国家或地区的英语，因此需要了解不同的地区或国家英语的特性和差异。在这个问题中，我们需要分析的是“英语在中国”是否是一个例子，也就是中国英语（EFL）。所以，C选项是正确的，而A、B、D选项并没有准确地表达ENL/ESL/EFL之间的差异和联系。因此，这个问题的答案是C：English in China is an example of EFL。'
A:The local variety of English has become socially acceptable. B:In certain contexts, the choice of the local model can also directly advantage the students. C:The education system as a whole is advantaged by the choice of a local model and local teachers. D:It may remove the fear that the learning of English brings about adoption of alien values and cultures.
AI参考:正确选项为B:在某些情况下，选择当地的教学模式也可以直接对学生有利。原文中提到“为什么大多数外围国家更喜欢内规模式”，而选项B中提到“在某些情况下，选择当地的教学模式也可以直接对学生有利”，符合原文意思。其他选项A、C、D虽然也与英语教育有关，但与原文中的问题不完全相关。因此，选项B是正确答案。'
A:Some may form a syllable alone. B:It is pronounced with certain obstruction. C:It is only used in onsets of syllables. D:It is a speech sound.
AI参考:正确选项是【ABD】As for a consonant，以下陈述是正确的：（1）有些辅音可以单独构成音节；（2）它与某些阻碍有关；（3）它仅在音节的起始处使用；（4）它是言语的声音。因此，选项A、B、D是正确的。选项C不正确，因为辅音可以在音节的中间和结尾使用。'
A:The curriculum should focus on how cultures differ and its implications for cross-cultural communication. B:The communicative strategies should be underpinned by a mutual desire to cooperate and collaborate. C:Students need to be aware of the linguistic features that cause particular problems of mutual intelligibility. D:Students need to be taught the communicative strategies that aid successful cross-cultural communication.
AI参考:正确选项是：D:Students need to be taught the communicative strategies that aid successful cross-cultural communication.选项D强调需要教授学生促进成功的跨文化沟通的交际策略，这是ELF教学方式的要点之一。其他选项虽然也涉及跨文化交流，但并未全面涵盖ELF教学方式的各个方面。选项A涉及到课程应该关注文化差异及其对跨文化交流的影响，但并非教学方式的核心内容；选项B涉及交际策略应基于合作与协作的共同愿望，虽有相关性，但不是教学方式的核心；选项C涉及到造成相互理解困难的语用特征，虽然有一定相关性，但并非教学方式的核心内容。'
A:To make clear that local accents are preferrable to those aiming to communicate with their locals. B:To justify that variation is natural, normal and common. C:To warn learners of English against the RP model. D:To indicate that learners of English should follow the RP model.
AI参考:对比RP和其他口音的意义在于：B: 证明变化是自然的、正常的和普遍的。选项A和D都是错误的，因为对比RP和其他口音并不是为了强调当地口音优于RP，或者学习者应该跟随RP模型。选项C也是不正确的，因为对比口音并不是为了警告学习者远离RP模型。因此，答案为B：证明变化是自然的、正常的和普遍的。'
A:Because these native speaker models have prestige and legitimacy. B:Because English language teaching materials based on such models are unavailable. C:Because these native speaker models have a history and have been codified. D:Because Ministries of Education around the world are keen to provide the ‘best’ for their people.
AI参考:正确选项是【C: Because these native speaker models have a history and have been codified.】原文中提到“expanding circle countries”是指那些正在扩张的国家，他们选择“normative model”是因为这种模型有历史，已经被编纂，具有权威性和合法性，因此选项C是正确的解释。其他选项A、B、D虽然也提到了某些原因，但并不能完全解释为什么这些国家会选择这种模型。A选项提到了“native speaker models”具有权威性和合法性，但并没有提到其历史和编纂过程；B选项提到了英语教学材料的基础，但没有涉及到选择“normative model”的原因；D选项虽然提到了世界各地的教育部愿意为其人民提供“最好的”，但没有直接涉及到选择“normative model”的原因。'
A:The spread of English does not mean transplanting one model to other countries. B:English now has multicultural identities. C:This model acknowledges the legitimacy of many Englishes. D:It assumes that each variety of the Englishes is linguistically and culturally equal.
AI参考:正确选项是【B:English now has multicultural identities.】原文中提到“What are advantages of the three-circle model over the ENL/ESL/EFL model?”，而选项B“English now has multicultural identities.”是该模型相较于ENL/ESL/EFL模型的优势之一，因为现在英语具有多元文化的认同。其他选项在原文中没有提及，也没有与三圈模型有直接关联。因此，答案为B。'
A:It provides us with an approach to language learning. B:ESP, including EAP, is a specialized variety of English. C:It usually contains a particular kind of language use. D:ESP must be seen both as an approach and as a product.
AI参考:根据题干中提到的选项，可以判断正确答案为：B：ESP，包括EAP，是一种专门的英语类型。分析题干内容，原文提到了ESP的重要性，指出ESP是一门专门的英语课程，其中包括了某些特定的语言用法和表达方式，但并未给出语言学习的手段或者它通常包含什么样的语言用法等信息。因此，B选项的表述符合原文所述内容，为正确答案。其他选项A、C、D都存在一定的错误或片面性。A选项中提到了ESP提供了一种语言学习的方法，但并未明确指出ESP本身是一种专门的语言类型；C选项中提到了ESP通常包含某种特定的语言使用方式，但并未明确指出这种特定的语言使用方式是什么；D选项中提到了ESP既是一种方法也是一种产品，但同样没有明确指出ESP具体指的是什么。因此，这些选项都不能作为正确答案。'
A:A native variety is assumed to be superior to other varieties, but it fails to function well if used to convey local cultural elements. B:A native variety is assumed to influence younger varieties, but the variety itself has been influenced by other languages or cultures. C:A native variety is assumed to be spoken by a native speaker, but it is difficult to define a native speaker. D:A native variety is assumed to be equal to other varieties, but it has been surpassed by later varieties. E:A native variety is assumed to have been around for a long time, but it is difficult to define the time span.
AI参考:正确答案是【C:A native variety is assumed to be spoken by a native speaker，but it is difficult to define a native speaker。】这个选项指出了判断英语方言是否为“原生”的一个标准是说话者是否为当地人，但是这个标准很难定义当地人。其他选项提到的内容并未直接关联到判断“原生”英语方言的四个标准。所以正确答案是C。其他的标准可能包括口音、语音语调、语言使用习惯等等，这些可以通过专业英语研究人员进行系统性的分析和比较，进而评估这些英语方言是否具有“原生”特点。此外，我们需要对这些标准保持怀疑和批判态度，通过深入了解和学习相关材料来挑战这些标准。总之，选择合适的选项需要根据实际情况和专业知识进行判断和分析。'
A:They can be grouped into glides and vowels. B:They can be grouped into syllabic and non-syllabic sounds. C:They can be grouped into oral and nasal sounds. D:They can be grouped into voiced and voiceless categories.
AI参考:正确选项是C：他们可以被分为口腔和鼻腔声音。在语音学中，辅音可以按照不同的方式进行分类。选项A、B和D都是正确的分类方式，但它们之间存在一些细微的差别。选项A是将辅音分为连送气音和不连送气音，但这不是一个常见的分类方式；选项B是将辅音分为清辅音和浊辅音，这与选项D类似，但它们在语音学中是不同的概念；选项C则是将辅音分为口腔声音和鼻腔声音，这是在语音学中常用的分类方式之一。因此，选项C是正确的分类方式之一。'
A:Because Nigeria did not officially become a colony until 1914. B:Because the English teachers in the north carried RP accent. C:Because the English teachers in the south were missionaries, caring about the teaching of the gospel. D:Because the English teachers in the south would like to teach standard English.
AI参考:正确选项为：B。解释如下：选项B提供了最直接的答案，即北部的英语不同于南部的原因是北部英语老师口音带有的RP腔。选项A虽然也涉及了历史因素，但是不足以解释两个地区的英语口语为何有明显的差异；选项C提到南部教师重视教传教工作，和北部的差异并无直接关联；选项D中南部教师希望教授标准英语的说法过于笼统，不足以解释两个地区英语口语的差异。因此，正确答案是B。'
A:It would shift the focus of English language teaching communicative strategies. B:Neither teachers nor students would be asked to aim for an unattainable or inappropriate model. C:It would provide the advantages to both teachers and students in an endonormative model. D:It could accommodate cultural conventions and pragmatic norms that differ from Anglo-American norms.
AI参考:选项 B和D的表述都是正确原文提到了一种 ELF 教学方法的优势，具体为：“不仅老师、学生不会需要达到一种难以实现或不适当的模型，同时也可以容纳不同的文化和交际规范，而这与盎格鲁-撒克逊的规范有所不同。”因此，正确选项是B： neither teachers nor students would be asked to aim for an unattainable or inappropriate model 和 D: it could accommodate cultural conventions and pragmatic norms that differ from Anglo-American norms.这两个选项都在不同方面反映了该教学方法的优势。C选项提到了对老师和学生的优势，但并没有具体说明这些优势是什么，因此不是正确答案。A选项虽然提到了交际策略的转变，但并没有明确说明这是该教学方法的优势。'
AI参考:正确选项为：A. Vowel harmonyB. NasalizationC. Stress patternsD. Rhoticity菲律宾英语是一种具有独特语音特征的英语变体，其中一些最重要的语音特征包括：A. Vowel harmony：菲律宾英语中的元音和谐（vowel harmony）是其最显著的特征之一。元音和谐是指一个音节中的元音通常会形成一个特定的组合，例如在某些词中，元音可以互相替换，形成不同的音色和音调。B. Nasalization：菲律宾英语中的鼻化音（nasalization）也是一个重要的特征。在某些情况下，英语单词中的某些元音或辅音会被鼻腔共振，形成鼻化音。C. Stress patterns：菲律宾英语的音节重音模式也是其语音特征之一。与其他英语变体相比，菲律宾英语的音节重音模式可能有所不同。D. Rhoticity：菲律宾英语中存在一些r音（rhoticity），即在某些情况下，单词中的元音字母后面会出现r音。这与其他英语变体中的r音有所不同。因此，正确选项为A、B、C、D。'
A:Because the substitution of these two sounds is still intelligible to people in communication. B:Because the substitution of these two sounds won’t lead to a breakdown in verbal communication. C:Because these two sounds are the most difficult sounds to teach even in ENL situations. D:Because these two sounds are usually substituted by alveolar sounds, such as t, d, s, and z.
AI参考:正确选项是 D: Because these two sounds are usually substituted by alveolar sounds, such as t, d, s, and z.在英语中，由于唇齿音（interdentals）和齿龈音（alveolar sounds）之间的替换对于沟通者来说仍然可以理解，因此ELF中的成功沟通不会受到唇齿音的阻碍。选项D中提到，这些齿龈音通常会被替换成其他齿龈音，如t、d、s和z，这有助于保持口语沟通的流畅性。因此，选项D是正确答案。'
A:Because there are a small number of special schools for gifted students that teach through Chinese and English media. B:Because the language policy requires all its people to speak English only. C:Because the language policy requires all its people to speak English as well as their own mother tongue. D:Because there is policy of ‘English+1’.
AI参考:正确选项为C：因为语言政策要求所有的人都要讲英语以及自己的母语。根据问题中的信息，自1987年以来，新加坡各级教育几乎都使用英语作为唯一的教育媒介。选项C中提到语言政策要求所有的人都要讲英语以及自己的母语，这与问题的描述相符。选项A和D提到了某些特殊学校或政策，但并未解释为什么所有教育层次都使用英语作为唯一的教育媒介。选项B的说法也是不准确的，因为问题中并未提到语言政策要求所有人只讲英语。因此，选项C是正确答案。'
A:The simplification of final consonant clusters is common. B:There is also a tendency not to reduce prominence where this might be expected C:In Malay and Tagalog, the consonant sounds /f/ and /p/ tend to be clearly distinguished. D:There is always a tendency towards a lack of reduced vowels.
AI参考:正确选项是A:The simplification of final consonant clusters is common.根据题目中提到的“ASEAN English pronunciation”和选项，可以推断出这个问题的答案与东南亚英语口音的特点有关。选项A表示简化辅音群是常见的，这是东南亚英语口音的一个普遍特征。选项B和C并没有直接涉及到ASEAN英语口音的特点，而选项D则表示缺乏减少元音的倾向，与题目描述不符。因此，正确选项是A。'
A:It is a common language used by people of different language backgrounds to communicate with each other. B:A Thai and an Indonesian may choose English as a lingua franca in ASEAN. C:Mandarin is the lingua franca to speakers in different Chinese dialects. D:English is the only lingua franca in EU.
AI参考:正确选项是【A:It is a common language used by people of different language backgrounds to communicate with each other.】As for lingua franca English, it is a common language used by people of different language backgrounds to communicate with each other. 这句话的意思是，对于英语作为通用语言的情况，它是不同语言背景的人用来相互交流的一种常见语言。其他选项中，B选项提到了泰语和印度尼西亚语在东盟国家可以使用英语作为通用语言，C选项提到了不同汉语方言的人使用普通话作为通用语言，D选项则表示欧盟只有英语作为通用语言，但这些陈述都不完全正确。因此，只有A选项是正确的陈述。'
A:Shortly after the establishment of Sri Lankan independence, a Sinhala-only policy was introduced. B:In Sri Lanka, there are only two major languages spoken there: Sinhala and Tamil. C:It has been claimed that the new Sinhala-speaking elite had much desire to promote English. D:English operates as a lingua franca or bridge language between the Sinhala majority and the Tamil minority.
AI参考:从语言学角度来说，印度英语和斯里兰卡英语之间最显著的区别是什么？【多选题】正确答案是：D:英语在斯里兰卡被用作主要的僧伽罗语（Sinhala）和泰米尔语（Tamil）之间的一种通用语或桥梁语言。斯里兰卡独立后不久，就实行了僧伽罗语专用政策，但斯里兰卡是一个多语言国家，除了僧伽罗语和泰米尔语外，还有其他语言。而选项D指出，英语在斯里兰卡被用作一种通用语或桥梁语言，连接僧伽罗语多数群体和泰米尔语少数群体，因此D是正确答案。而其他选项与此无关或只涉及背景信息，因此不正确。'
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