1.Which of the following can be used as indicators to indicate the system has a long SRT. ( )
A:other multicellular forms
B:Rotifers
C:nematodes
D:Protozoa
答案:Rotifers;
nematodes;
other multicellular forms
2.Under anaerobic conditions, which of the following can act as electron acceptor( ).
A:nitrate
B:sulfate
C:carbon dioxide
D:oxygen
答案:oxygen
3.The acid/base nature of the hydroxy complexes means that the iron or aluminum speciation is pH dependent. At lower pH , the dominant species are （ ）.
A:Fe(OH)3
B:Fe(OH)2+
C:Al(OH)3
D:Fe2+ and Al3+
答案:Fe(OH)2+;
Al(OH)3;
Fe(OH)3
4.The membrane bioreactor offers some advantages including: ( ).
A:Low operating cost.
B:Effluent quality is improved.
C:The membrane eliminates the possibility of uncontrolled biomass loss to the effluent.
D:The volumetric loading can be increased to very high levels.
答案:over
5.Attaining the twin goals of one-sludge denitrification provides many specific benefits for treating water：（ ）.
A:Full or nearly full N removal is achieved, thereby protecting receiving waters at risk from culture eutrophication
B:Because some of the influent BOD is oxidized with nitrate as the electron acceptor, aeration costs are reduced
C:The BOD in the effluent can be driven to quite low
D:Because no exogenous electron donor needs to be added, chemical costs are reduced over tertiary denitrification
答案:Because no exogenous electron donor needs to be added, chemical costs are reduced over tertiary denitrification###Because some of the influent BOD is oxidized with nitrate as the electron acceptor, aeration costs are reduced###Full or nearly full N removal is achieved, thereby protecting receiving waters at risk from culture eutrophication
6.The following parameters should be considered in rotating biological contactors (RBC) designing. ( ).
A:the percent submergence
B:the linear velocity at the edge of medium
C:the surface loading of first stage
D:the total surface loading
答案:the percent submergence
7.When using the pseudo-analytical procedure for a steady-state biofilm, f can be computed to determine if the biofilm is deep or shallow. Which of the following statement is correct ( ).
A:the biofilm is deep when f ≠ 1.0.
B:the biofilm is deep when f <1.0.
C:the biofilm is deep when f approaches 1.0.
D:the biofilm is deep when f = 1.0.
答案:the biofilm is deep when f approaches 1.0.;
the biofilm is deep when f =1.0.
8.Which of the following half-reaction is correct（ ）.
A:4CO2+NH4++17H++18e-→CH3CH2CHNH2COOH+6H2O
B:4CO2+NH3+6H++6e-→CH3CH2CHNH2COOH +3O2
C:4CO2+NH4++11H++11e-→CH3CH2CHNH2COOH+6OH-
D:4CO2+NH3+18H++18e-→CH3CH2CHNH2COOH+6H2O
答案:4CO2+NH4++17H++18e-→CH3CH2CHNH2COOH+6H2O;
4CO2+NH3+18H++18e-→CH3CH2CHNH2COOH+6H2O
9.Accompanying changes in the microbial composition of activated sludge can be changes in the floc’s physical characteristics, such as its（ ）.
A:ability to compact
B:settling velocity
C:form a dense sludge
D:strength of aggregation
答案:strength of aggregation;
settling velocity;
ability to compact;
form a dense sludge
10.
What will be the additional fermentation products if one mole of glucose is fermented to: (a) two moles acetate and two moles CO2 (b) one mole propanal ( CH3CH2CHO) and two moles CO2?
答案:"AI参考:正确选项是：（b）一摩尔丙醛（CH3CH2CHO）和两摩尔二氧化碳（CO2）。 问题中要求将一摩尔葡萄糖发酵成丙醛和二氧化碳，而发酵过程会产生多种副产品，其中包括乙醇、乳酸、乙酸、二氧化碳等。因此，一摩尔葡萄糖发酵成丙醛和二氧化碳时，除了丙醛和二氧化碳外，还会产生其他副产品。 因此，选项（b）一摩尔丙醛（CH3CH2CHO）和两摩尔二氧化碳（CO2）是正确的答案。"
11.
Please briefly describe the crucial steps during anaerobic reactor start-up.
12.
Treating an industrial wastewater with a flow of 104 m3/d and BODL of 20000 mg/L. Computing the volume of methane gas generated if the waste stabilization is 90 precent. Also, computing the energy value of that methane.
13.
Please give the balanced, overall reaction for the situation in which acetate is the donor and carbon source, sulfate is the acceptor，ammonia is the nitrogen source, and fs=0.6.
14.
Please explain the relationships of Sw and flux J .
15.
List the advantages and disadvantages of using denitrification before nitrification (with recycle of NO3-), instead of the three-sludge approach for sequential BOD oxidation, nitrification, and denitrification.
16.
A waste water contains 15g/L of methanol. Estimate the COD’ of this waste water.
17.
What tends to be the two rate-limiting steps around which design of an anaerobic treatment system should normally be based?
18.
What is the steady-state biofilm?
19.
The anaerobic membrane bioreactor system offers advantages that stem from the fact that the membrane is a perfect separator for solids, please briefly describe the advantages of membrane bioreactor.
20.
Theoretically a longer SRT results in low substrate concentration, why in reality, we don’t choose a very long SRT to guarantee the effluent with low COD?
21.
High suspended solids in the effluent are the main cause of unsatisfactory effluent quality, and they also make proper SRT control difficult（ ）.
A:对 B:错 22.
The following equation is an overall, balanced reaction for the complete oxidation of NH4+ to NO3--N by nitrifies having θx=15d and fs =0.067, NH4+ + 1.815O2 + 0.1304CO2 = 0.0261C5H7O2N + 0.973NO3- + 0.921H2O + 1.973H+. It represents a typical situation for both nitrifies types together. This stoichiometric equation illustrates which of the features of nitrification（ ）.
A:Nitrification produces almost two strong-acid equivalents per mole of NH4+ removed B:The low net synthesis of nitrifies biomass C:Nitrification creates a major oxygen demand D:Nitrification is dynamically slow 23.
A digester must accomplish two goals: ( ).
A:The hydrolysis of complex organic material. B:Methane fermentation of fatty acids and hydrogen to methane. C:The biodegradable volatile suspended solids must be hydrolyzed. D:The stabilization of the BODL to methane. 24.
When K equals 4 mg BOD5/L and 
is 10 kg BOD5/kg VSSa-d, giving a value for the ratio of K/
of 0.4 mg-d/L. If we used the F/M ratio for conventional activated sludge treatment of 0.25 kg BOD5 per kg SS per day, the predicted effluent BOD5 would be ( ).
A:0.1 mg/L B:0.05 mg/L C: 0.01 mg/L D:0.2 mg/L 25.
Which of the following is the unique operating parameter in rotating biological contactors (RBC)? ( )
A:BOD surface loading B:the percent submergence C:hydraulic loading D:volumetric loading 26.
Which of the following can be used as indicator organisms for the presence of toxic chemicals . ( )
A:rotifers B:crustacea C:nematodes D:Protozoa 27.
Overall Reactions R=( ).
A:fs Ra+ fe Rc – Rd B:fe Ra+ fs Rd – Rc C:fe Ra+ fs Rc – Rd D:fe Rd+ fs Ra – Rc 28.
The volatile suspended solids concentration follows the trend of ( ) .
A:active biomass B:inert biomass C:SMP D:BAP 29.
For limiting substrate, 
is generally（ ）.
A:20 mg BOD/mg VSS B:10 mg BOD/mg VSS C:20 mg BOD/mg VSS/d D:10 mg BOD/mg VSS/d 30.
Which of the followings shows the growth-based normalization of the reaction? ( )
A:(1+Y) COD substrate à 1 COD product + Y COD biomass B:1 COD substrate à (1-Y) COD product + Y COD biomass C:1 COD substrate à 1/(1+Y) COD product + Y/(1+Y) COD biomass D:1/Y COD substrate à (1-Y)/Y COD product +1 COD biomass 31.
Which of the following statements is incorrect? ( )
A:Nitrite is considered in ASM1. B:The inhibition caused by LCFA is ignored in ADM1. C:Anabolism is related to the rate of substrate uptake by a yield. D:Stoichiometry defines how much product and biomass is produced. 32.For normal biofilm process operation, the operating flux lies in the high-load region. ( )
A:错误 B:正确 33.In a steady-state chemostat, the sludge age equals to the reciprocal of dilution rate. ( )
A:正确 B:错误 34.Denitrification can only be carried out in anaerobic condition. ( )
A:错误 B:正确 35.The total alkalinity alone must be used to monitor the buffering status of an anaerobic process. ( )
A:正确 B:错误 36.When using the half-reaction approach to develop energy reaction, O, N and C are elements can have their oxidation state change. ( )
A:正确 B:错误 37.High suspended solids in the effluent are the main cause of unsatisfactory effluent quality, and they also make proper SRT control difficult（ ）.
A:正确 B:错误 38.Whether the biofilm carriers are used, the total mass of active bacteria was not increased owing to the same substrate being treated. ( )
A:错误 B:正确 39.The current mass in a system equals to the sum of mass transport and reaction. ( )
A:错误 B:正确 40.Fluidized bed only needs a low recycle flow to maintain bed fluidization. ( )
A:正确 B:错误 41.Very high concentrations of the electron donor or too low concentrations of DO concentration can lead to accumulation of the denitrification intermediates: NO, NO2, and N2O. ( )
A:错误 B:正确 42.The workable flux for biofilm process is controlled by substrate concentration. ( )
A:错误 B:正确 43.If no substrate was consumed in a running chemostat, it can be in a washout situation. ( )
A:正确 B:错误 44.Nitrogen gas stripping is included in ADM1. ( )
A:错误 B:正确 45.The early literature indicated aeration basins for sewage treatment should have a 6 h hydraulic detention time, a BOD loading of 1.6 kg/m3.d or a MLSS concentration between 1,200 and 3,000 mg/L.（ ）
A:错误 B:正确 46.Nitrogen gas and CO2 are not included in the ASM1. ( )
A:错误 B:正确
