第一章 Introduction绪言:This chapter falls mainly into two parts. The first part deals with the definition of mythology. The second part is about creation myths in Greek Mythology.1.1What is mythology?什么是神话:The word “mythology” refers to 1) the science or study of myths or legends,2) a book of or about myths, and 3) myth collectively; especially all the myth about a specific being, or those myths, fables or traditions interwoven with the history, origin, deities, etc. of a specific people.–Webster’s New Twentieth Century DictionaryIn this textbook, the term is mostly used in the last sense, and often used interchangeably with “myth” or “myths”.
1.2Myths of Universe Creation创世神话:古希腊文明可分为爱琴海文明(又叫克里特—迈锡尼文明)、希腊城邦时代和希腊化时代。但由于希腊神话的形成主要在爱琴海文明时期,所以我们主要讲解这个时期的历史。希腊的创世神话主要有三种:一是创造克里特前期与中期文明的西亚移民带来的创世神话;第二种也是希腊创世神话中流传最为广泛的是阿该亚人的创世神话;第三种创世神话则是由创造基克拉迪文明的土著皮拉斯基人(Pelasgian)创造的。古罗马诗人奥维德的《变形记》中记载的创世神话是在古希腊神话的基础上演变而成的。
[判断题]A myth is a tale that gives a religious explanation for the world as it is.


答案:对
[单选题]希腊神话的形成主要在( )时期。
希腊化时代
爱琴海文明
克里特文明
希腊城邦时代
答案:爱琴海文明
[单选题]下列对希腊神话特点描述不正确的一项是( )
希腊神话体现出浓郁的神话主义色彩
神话中的神是高度的人格化,有着人的形象和性格、喜怒哀乐等
希腊神话既有浪漫夸张,又有现实描写,表现了古希腊人丰富的想象力和极大的创造力。
希腊神话的文化背景是乐观主义,充满了追求光明
答案:希腊神话体现出浓郁的神话主义色彩
[单选题]俄耳浦斯教的创世神是( )
尼克斯(Nyx)
塔耳塔洛斯(Tartarus)
盖亚(Gaia)
厄洛斯(Eros)
答案:厄洛斯(Eros)
[单选题]The meaning of the word “myth” is derived from the Greek word “______”, which means “tale” or “story”.
Mythology
mythos
Tale
Story
答案:mythos
[单选题]Myths in which Goddess ______ lived for three months with her husband Hades in the Underworld and returned to live with her mother Demeter, Goddess of Corn, for the rest of the year reflect the return of spring after winter.
Echo
Persephone
Leto
Artemis
答案:Persephone
[判断题]奥运会起源于古希腊,这里出现了欧洲最早的海洋文明。


答案:√
[判断题]皮拉斯基人的创世神是女神欧律诺墨(Eurynome)。


答案:对
[判断题]天神乌拉诺斯只是地母盖亚的丈夫。


答案:错
[判断题]No one definition can satisfactorily embrace all the various kinds of stories that can legitimately be classed as mythology on the basis of one criterion or another.


答案:对

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