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运营管理理论与实践(全英文)

  1. Outsourcing is providing goods or services to an outside provider.( )

  2. A:对 B:错
    答案:purchase of a value-creating activity from an external supplier.AI参考:答案是A。外包是指将商品或服务提供给外部供应商。因此,这个判断题的正确答案是A,即“对”。'
  3. The Balanced Scorecard is an attractive tool to use in the formation of strategy. ( )

  4. A:对 B:错
    答案:focuses on activities which most directly impact customer perceptions.
  5. Operations management is the central core function of every company.( )

  6. A:对 B:错
    答案:to all firms,whether manufacturing and service
  7. Companies are required to use environmental scanning because of both federal and state regulations regarding environmental pollution control. ( )

  8. A:错 B:对
    答案:to keepAI参考:正确答案是B:对。根据题目中的描述,公司需要执行环境扫描的原因既有联邦法规也有州法规,涉及到环境污染控制的问题。因此,公司需要进行环境扫描,以遵守相关法规和规定。所以该题是正确的。'
  9. As long as we match a competitor on quality and price we will gain market share. ( )

  10. A:错 B:对
    AI参考:答案:B.对。原文表达的意思是我们只要在质量和价格上能与竞争对手匹敌,我们就能获得市场份额。因此该表述是正确的。选项A错误,选项B正确。'
  11. Organizational strategy should be determined without considering the realities of functional area strengths and weaknesses since they can be changed to meet our strategy. ( )

  12. A:错 B:对
    答案:enterprise storage system
  13. Efficiency means being able to perform most activities.( )

  14. A:对 B:错

  15. Time-based strategies focus on reducing the time required to accomplish certain activities, such as new product development or delivery to the customer. ( )

  16. A:错 B:对
    AI参考:正确答案是B:对。时间-为基础的策略注重减少完成某些活动所需的时间,如新产品开发或交付给客户。因此,这个判断题是正确的。'
  17. Government statistics are a good source of data about productivity trends in the service sector. ( )

  18. A:错 B:对

  19. Marketing can meet the customer needs if they understand what operations can produce. ( )

  20. A:对 B:错
    AI参考:答案:B:错。解释:市场营销需要理解顾客需求,并据此制定营销策略,以满足顾客需求。而题干中只是说如果理解了生产过程,那么市场营销就可以满足客户需求,这并不全面,也可能导致市场营销策略不当,不能满足客户的需求。因此,答案为“错”。'
  21. The Hawthorne effect is that workers are motivated by the attention they are given.( )

  22. A:对 B:错
    AI参考:答案是A。The Hawthorne effect is that workers are motivated by the attention they are given.这种效应认为工人受到关注时会产生积极的工作动力。因此,这个判断题是正确的。'
  23. The creator of scientific management believed that worker productivity was governed by scientific laws.( )

  24. A:对 B:错
    AI参考:正确答案是A,对。科学管理理论的创始人泰勒认为,工人的生产效率是由科学规律所决定的。因此,选项A正确。选项B错误。'
  25. Sustainability was an early 1950’s management function and focus.( )

  26. A:对 B:错
    AI参考:正确答案是B:错。可持续性在20世纪50年代以前就已经成为管理职能和关注的重点。因此,选项A是错误的。'
  27. Services often don't fit simple yield measurements. ( )

  28. A:错 B:对
    AI参考:答案是B。这个判断题的意思是:服务通常不适合简单的收益测量。这个说法是正确的。因为服务的质量和效益通常很难用简单的收益指标来衡量,需要考虑更多的因素,如客户满意度、服务质量、员工培训等等。因此,这个说法是正确的,答案为B。'
  29. National productivity is determined by averaging the productivity measures of various companies or industries. ( )

  30. A:错 B:对
    AI参考:正确答案是B:对。题目中提到“国家生产率是由各种公司或行业的生产率平均值决定的”,这是一个正确的陈述,因此答案为B。题目没有要求分析,因此不需要进行任何分析。'
  31. Operations management is the business function that plans, coordinates, and controls the resources needed to produce a company’s products and services.( )

  32. A:对 B:错

  33. The Industrial Revolution started in the 1770s with the development of a number of inventions that relied on machine power instead of human power.( )

  34. A:对 B:错

  35. Operations research started with the publication of the results of the Hawthorne studies.( )

  36. A:错 B:对

  37. Functional strategies should be designed to directly support a firm's mission. ( )

  38. A:对 B:错
    AI参考:答案是B:错。根据问题中的描述,功能性战略应该直接支持公司的使命。而实际上,功能性战略通常是为实现公司目标而设计的,而不是直接支持公司的使命。因此,该说法是错误的。所以答案是B。'
  39. An example of a tactical operations management decision is determining employment levels. ( )

  40. A:错 B:对
    AI参考:答案:B:对。确定雇用水平是一个战术性运营管理决策的例子。因此,答案是B,表示这是一个战术性运营管理决策。'
  41. Marketing can always meet the customer’s needs. ( )

  42. A:错 B:对
    AI参考:答案:B:对。市场营销能够满足顾客的需求。根据常识和市场调研,市场营销通常是在深入了解客户需求的基础上进行的,并且尽力满足客户的需求。因此,这个陈述是正确的。'
  43. “Job enrichment” is an approach in which workers are given a larger portion of the total task to do.( )

  44. A:错 B:对
    AI参考:正确答案是B:对。Job enrichment是一种工作丰富化方法,它赋予工人更大一部分的总任务来完成,以提高工作满意度和减少工作压力。因此,这个判断题是正确的。'
  45. Today many corporate CEOs have come through the ranks of operations. ( )

  46. A:错 B:对
    AI参考:答案:B:对根据常识和实际情况,许多公司的首席执行官(CEO)通常是从运营部门晋升上来的,因为他们通常具备了管理团队和资源的能力。因此,选项B“对”是正确的。选项A“错”不符合实际情况。'
  47. Quality-based strategies focus on customer satisfaction by ensuring that each product is carefully and thoroughly inspected prior to delivery to prevent sending out bad product. ( )

  48. A:错 B:对
    AI参考:B. 对。Quality-based strategies 注重通过确保每件产品在交付前经过仔细和全面的检查来确保客户满意度,以防止发送不良产品。因此,这个判断题的答案是B,即“对”。'
  49. The advent of the computer age paved the way for the development of MRP for inventory control and scheduling.( )

  50. A:对 B:错
    AI参考:正确答案是A:对。随着计算机时代的到来,为物料需求计划(MRP)的库存控制和调度发展铺平了道路。因此,该陈述是正确的。'
  51. An example of a strategic operations management decision is the choice of where to locate. ( )

  52. A:错 B:对
    AI参考:正确答案是B:对。战略运营管理决策包括很多方面,选择在哪里进行投资或生产是其中的一个重要方面。因此,这个说法是正确的。'
  53. At a factory, the transformation process is the physical change of raw materials and components into products.( )

  54. A:错 B:对
    AI参考:正确答案是B:对。根据题目描述,工厂中的转化过程是将原材料和部件转化为产品的物理变化。因此,答案为B,即正确。'
  55. Outsourcing tends to improve quality but at the cost of lowered productivity. ( )

  56. A:对 B:错
    AI参考:答案是B:错。外包通常可以提高质量,但会降低生产效率。因此,这个说法是错误的。'
  57. A key feature of scientific management is that workers are limited only by their tools.( )

  58. A:错 B:对

  59. Division of labor involves breaking down the production of a product into a series of small, elementary tasks, each of which is performed by a different worker.( )

  60. A:错 B:对
    AI参考:正确答案是B:对。根据题目中的描述,分工涉及将生产一个产品分解为一系列小的、基本的工作任务,每个任务由不同的工人完成。这表明分工是一种将生产过程分解为多个小任务的过程,每个任务由不同的工人完成,因此选项B正确。选项A表示错误,不符合题目的描述。'
  61. What concept involves breaking down the production of a product into a series of small, elementary tasks, each of which is performed by a different worker? ( ).

  62. A:scientific management B:operations research C:division of labor D:interchangeable parts E:the Hawthorne effect
    AI参考:正确答案是C:division of labor。这道题考查的是生产过程中的分工概念,即把生产过程分解为一系列小的、基本的任务,每个任务由不同的工人完成。这个概念就是分工(division of labor)。其他选项如科学管理(A)、操作研究(B)、互换性零件(D)和霍桑效应(E)都与生产过程有关,但与题干中的描述不符。因此,答案为C。'
  63. Which of the following is not primarily performed by the operation management function? ( ).

  64. A:job design and work measurement B:advertising strategy C:facility layout D:location analysis E:quality management
    AI参考:在提供的选项中,广告策略(B)不是运营管理功能主要执行的主要任务之一。其他选项如工作设计和工作测量(A)、设施布局(C)、位置分析(D)和质量管理(E)都是运营管理功能的主要职责。这些任务涉及组织内部的生产、物流、人员配置和质量控制等方面。因此,答案是B:广告策略。'
  65. Aggregate planning is the primary responsibility of the _______________ department ( ).

  66. A:Operations B:Finance C:Human resources and marketing D:Accounting
    AI参考:正确答案是A:Operations部门。根据问题中的描述,Aggregate planning是主要责任,而选项中只有Operations部门与该描述相符,因为Operations部门通常负责公司的日常运营和资源管理,包括生产、采购、销售等。其他选项Finance、Human resources and marketing、Accounting与Aggregate planning的主要职责不符。因此,答案为A。'
  67. Which of the following is not true for business process reengineering? ( ).

  68. A:It can reduce costs. B:It involves redesigning processes. C:It involves asking why things are done in a certain way. D:It can increase efficiency. E:It cannot be used to improve quality.

  69. In order to be successful with Web-based on-line shopping, companies must do all except which of the following? ( ).

  70. A:promise same-day delivery B:operate fleets of trucks C:manage distribution centers and warehouses D:maintain adequate inventories of products E:schedule deliveries

  71. A company with a low customer contact that is capital intensive is called: ( ).

  72. A:Manufacturing B:a farm C:quasi-manufacturing D:Industrial era operations management E:Service
    AI参考:正确答案是E:服务。这道题是要求选出符合条件的公司类型,题干中描述的公司具有低客户接触和高资本密集性的特点,可以判断这种公司主要从事服务业,如旅游、物流等,所以答案是E服务。A、B、C和D选项都是错误答案,与题干中的描述不符。'
  73. The concept of interchangeable parts was introduced by ________( ).

  74. A:Henry Ford B:W. Edwards Deming C:Frederick Taylor D:Eli Whitney E:Adam Smith
    AI参考:正确答案是D:Eli Whitney。题目中提到的是“互换件的概念”是由谁引入的,而选项中只有Eli Whitney( Eli Whitney 是美国工业革命时期发明了自动铸造机的人,因此也被认为是工业革命的重要人物)符合题意。其他选项与题目描述不符。因此,正确答案是D。'
  75. Who popularized the moving assembly line? ( ).

  76. A:James Watt B:Henry Ford C:Eli Whitney D:Frederick W. Taylor E:Adam Smith
    AI参考:正确答案是B:Henry Ford。福特汽车公司创始人亨利·福特(Henry Ford)在19世纪末至20世纪初发明并推广了装配线生产方式,这被认为是现代工业生产方式的重要里程碑。因此,答案为B。其他选项中,詹姆斯·瓦特(James Watt)是蒸汽机的发明者,亚当·斯密(Adam Smith)是古典政治经济学的代表人物,埃利·惠特尼(Eli Whitney)发明了轧棉机,泰勒制(Frederick W. Taylor)则提出了科学管理理论,但这些发明或理论与装配线生产方式无关。'
  77. When did operations management emerge as a formal field of study? ( ).

  78. A:during the early 1900s B:during the late 1970s and early 1980s C:during the late 1950s and early 1960s D:during World War II E:during the nineteenth century
    AI参考:正确答案是:B:during the late 1970s and early 1980s。运营管理作为一个正式的研究领域出现的时间是在70年代末和80年代初。因此,正确答案为B。'
  79. Which business function is responsible for planning, coordinating, and controlling the resources needed to produce a company’s products and services? ( ).

  80. A:operations management B:human resources C:Marketing D:Finance E:Engineering
    AI参考:正确答案是E:Engineering。工程部门负责规划、协调和控制生产公司产品和服务所需的资源。'
  81. __________ involves the activities of a manufacturing company with its suppliers ( ).

  82. A:Upstream supply chain B:Downstream supply chain C:n-house processes D:Internal supply chai
    AI参考:正确答案是A:Upstream supply chain。上游供应链是指生产商与其供应商之间的经济关系,涉及制造公司的活动与供应商之间的关系。因此,答案为A。B、C、D选项都与供应链有关,但与问题中的“与供应商之间的关系”不符。'
  83. Which one of the following would not generally be considered to be a transformation? ( ).

  84. A:a train ride B:a haircut C:a surgery D:manufacturing a radio E:waiting to see the doctor

  85. Which business function is responsible for managing cash flow, current assets, and capital investments? ( ).

  86. A:accounting B:finance C:marketing D:purchasing E:operations management
    AI参考:正确答案是B:finance(财务)。财务部门负责管理现金流量、流动资产和资本投资,因此选项B是正确答案。其他选项如会计、市场营销、采购和运营管理等与财务部门的管理职责没有直接关系。'
  87. An example of an operation that does not add value is ________( ).

  88. A:making a wedding cake B:removing iron ore from the ground and shipping it to a steel mill C:filling the underground gasoline tanks at a service station D:moving luggage from a cab to the airport ticket counter E:moving components to a warehouse for storage until the factory needs them
    AI参考:正确答案是:B:removing iron ore from the ground and shipping it to a steel mill。选项B中提到的是从地下开采铁矿石并运送到炼钢厂,这是一种生产过程,它创造了价值。其他选项中,A选项制作婚礼蛋糕,C选项在加油站填充地下汽油箱,D选项从出租车到机场售票处搬运行李,这些活动都不是生产过程,而是提供服务或运输的过程,它们不创造价值。因此,答案是B。解释:选项E是将组件从仓库移动到工厂储存,虽然涉及搬运,但这是一个生产过程的一部分,它创造价值。因此,E选项不符合题意。因此,正确答案是B。'
  89. Who wrote The Wealth of Nations in 1776, describing division of labor? ( ).

  90. A:Adam Smith B:Frederick Taylor C:James Watt D:Henry Ford E:Eli Whitney

  91. A key feature of scientific management is that workers are limited only by _____ ( ).

  92. A:their physical ability B:their job description C:Machinery D:co-workers E:their tools

  93. Operations management is responsible for orchestrating all the resources needed to produce the final product. This includes all of the following except ______________ ( ).

  94. A:obtaining customer feedback B:designing work methods C:arranging schedules D:controlling quality E:managing inventory

  95. What are long-term decisions that set the direction for the entire organization called? ( ).

  96. A:Tactical B:Directional C:strategic D:Distant E:Operational
    AI参考:正确答案是C:strategic。长期决策是指为整个组织设定方向,所以应该选择C选项“战略性的”。选项A“战术性的”、B“方向性的”、D“遥远的”、E“运营性的”都不符合题意。'
  97. Who invented the steam engine? ( ).

  98. A:Henry Ford B:James Watt C:Adam Smith D:Eli Whitney E:Frederick Taylor
    AI参考:答案:B.James Watt。蒸汽机是由詹姆斯·瓦特发明的。所以正确选项是B,James Watt。而其他选项中的Henry Ford(亨利·福特)、Adam Smith(亚当·斯密)、Eli Whitney(伊莱·惠特尼)和Frederick Taylor(弗里德里克·泰勒)在机械工程领域虽然也有重要的贡献,但并没有发明蒸汽机。'
  99. What outsourcing functions does UPS provide for clients? ( ).

  100. A:deliveries and maintenance B:accounting and maintenance C:accounting and deliveries D:accounting and inventories E:inventories and deliveries
    AI参考:正确答案是C. accounting and deliveries。UPS为客户提供的外包功能是会计和送货,因此选项C“会计和送货”是正确答案。选项A“送货和维护”不全面,选项B“会计和维修”不准确,选项D“会计和库存”和E“库存和送货”都包含了一些不相关的功能。'

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