International Economics答案2023

第八章测试

1.For most developing countries:（ ）
A:Savings and investment levels are high
B:Population growth and illiteracy rates are low
C:Productivity is high among domestic workers
D:Agricultural goods and raw material tend to make up much of domestic output

答案:D
2.Which of the following is one of the advantages of export-oriented industrialization?（ ）
A:The market for the industrial product exists domestically, as evidenced by imports of the commodity, so that risks are reduced in setting up an industry to replace imports
B:Foreign firms are induced to establish so-called tariff factories to overcome the tariff wall of developing nations
C:It overcomes the smallness of the domestic market and allows a developing nation to take advantage of economies of scale
D:It is easier for developing nations to protect their domestic market against foreign competition than to force developed nations to lower trade barriers against their manufactured exports
3.Which of the following is not a characteristic of a developing country?（ ）
A:A high proportion of the labor force in agriculture
B:Low population growth rate
C:Low life expectancy
D:A high illiteracy rate
4.Which of the following would be more likely to have countries using trade primarily as a vent for agricultural surplus?（ ）
A:Eastern Europe
B:North Korea
C:North America
D:Southeast Asia
5.Which of the following countries or area is NOT characterized by rapid growth in gross domestic product in industrial production and manufactured exports? （ ）
A:Korea
B:Hong Kong, China
C:Chile
D:Singapore
6.Which of the following is NOT one of the three main disadvantages of an import-substitution industrialization strategy?（ ）
A:Import substitution can lead to inefficient industries because of the smallness of the domestic market in many developing nations
B:Domestic industries can grow accustomed to protection from foreign competition and have no incentive to become more efficient
C:Export volume can grow fast.
D:After the simpler manufactured imports are replaced by domestic production, import substitution becomes more and more difficult and costly as more capital-intensive and technological advanced imports have to be replaced by domestic production
7.Which of the following is NOT one of the most serious problems facing developing countries today?（ ）
A:The conditions of stark poverty prevailing in many countries
B:The remaining trade protectionism of developed countries against developing countries exports
C:The gradually reducing fertility rates
D:The unsustainable foreign debt of some of the poorest developing countries
8.Which of the following is one of the three main disadvantages of an import-substitution industrialization strategy?( )
A:Developed nations often provide a high level of effective protection for their industries producing simple labor-intensive commodities in which developing nations already have or can soon acquire a comparative advantage
B:Domestic industries can grow accustomed to protection from foreign competition and have no incentive to become more efficient
C:The domestic firms can share and corporate with foreign firms in large international market.
D:It may be very difficult for developing nations to set up export industries because of the competition from the more established and efficient industries in developed nations
9.The infant-industry argument states that temporary trade protection is needed to protect a new industry against competition from more established and efficient foreign firms.（ ）
A:错 B:对