第五章 British History (IV): Houses of Tudor and Stuart:本章主要讲述都铎王朝和斯图亚特王朝君主治下的英国,主要包括亨利八世的宗教改革、伊丽莎白女王的统治和文艺复兴、斯图亚特君主的统治和英国资产阶级革命。5.1Religious Reformation in England:在都铎王朝君主亨利八世治下,英格兰圣公会摆脱了罗马教皇的控制而独立。1533年,亨利八世拒不承认罗马教皇对英格兰圣公会的绝对权力,通过《至尊法案》宣布自己是该教在英格兰的最高领袖,并没收了英国教会机构的财产,英语也取代了拉丁语而成为教会语言。
5.2Elizabeth I and the Renaissance:伊丽莎白女王采取了对天主教和新教兼容的政策,稳定了国内政治。她在位期间,英国在北美的殖民地开始确立,打败西班牙“无敌舰队”后,英国成为欧洲最强大和最富有的国家之一。英国的文化也在此期间达到了一个顶峰,文艺复兴在英国传播,戏剧得到了极大的繁荣,涌现出以莎士比亚为代表的一批杰出戏剧家。
5.3British Bourgeois Revolution:英国资产阶级革命从1640年到1688年持续了近半个世纪,期间发生了众多历史事件,包括两次内战、克伦威尔建立共和国、斯图亚特王朝的复辟以及1688年的“光荣革命”等。随着1689年《权利法案》和1701年《王位继承法案》的通过,君主立宪制成为英国的政府制度。
[单选题]During the Civil War, ________ was executed by Oliver Cromwell on January 30th, 1649.
 King James II
 King James I
 King Charles II
 King Charles I
答案:King Charles I
[单选题]The two centuries just before the outbreak of the Bourgeois revolution were a period of ________. 
 capital accumulation
 foreign territorial expansion
 enlightenment
 colonization abroad[单选题]Charles I ruled without Parliament for ________ years.
 13
 11
 12
 10[单选题]The “Glorious Revolution” of 1688 put ________ on the throne.
 Charles II
 Charles I
 William of Orange
 James II[判断题]The restoration of Charles II took place in the year of 1688.

[判断题]The 15th and 16th centuries were marked by the decline of feudalism and the rise of capitalism in the English history.

[判断题]The Enclosure of land turned a large number of slaves into peasants.

[判断题]England was cruelly ruled by Oliver Cromwell in the period of Commonwealth.

[判断题]The Commoners drew up The Grand Remonstrance in 1642.

[单选题]The First Civil War in Britain lasted for ________ years.
 6
 4
 3
 5

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